Population Genomic Analysis Reveals a Rich Speciation and Demographic History of Orang-utans (Pongo Pygmaeus and Pongo Abelii)

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2013 Nov 7

PMID 24194868

Citations 16

Authors

Xin Ma

Joanna L Kelley

Kirsten Eilertson

Shaila Musharoff

Jeremiah D Degenhardt

Andre L Martins

Tomas Vinar

Carolin Kosiol

Adam Siepel

Ryan N Gutenkunst

Carlos D Bustamante

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

To gain insights into evolutionary forces that have shaped the history of Bornean and Sumatran populations of orang-utans, we compare patterns of variation across more than 11 million single nucleotide polymorphisms found by previous mitochondrial and autosomal genome sequencing of 10 wild-caught orang-utans. Our analysis of the mitochondrial data yields a far more ancient split time between the two populations (~3.4 million years ago) than estimates based on autosomal data (0.4 million years ago), suggesting a complex speciation process with moderate levels of primarily male migration. We find that the distribution of selection coefficients consistent with the observed frequency spectrum of autosomal non-synonymous polymorphisms in orang-utans is similar to the distribution in humans. Our analysis indicates that 35% of genes have evolved under detectable negative selection. Overall, our findings suggest that purifying natural selection, genetic drift, and a complex demographic history are the dominant drivers of genome evolution for the two orang-utan populations.

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