Comparison of Three Diagnostic Techniques for Detection of Rotavirus and Coronavirus in Calf Faeces in Australia

Overview

Journal Aust Vet J

Specialty Veterinary Medicine

Date 2012 Mar 27

PMID 22443326

Citations 25

Authors

M M Izzo

P D Kirkland

X Gu

Y Lele

A A Gunn

J K House

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: Compare real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and lateral flow immunochromatography assay (LAT) for the detection of rotavirus and coronavirus in faecal samples collected from diarrhoeic calves.

Design: Prospective survey.

Method: Samples were tested at two separate facilities using a commercial ELISA and an in-house qRT-PCR. Simple logistic regression was performed to examine the relationship between the two tests. A subset of samples was screened using qRT-PCR, ELISA and a commercial LAT dipstick (132 faecal samples were tested for coronavirus and 122 samples for rotavirus).

Results: Of the 586 samples tested, 131 (22.39%) and 468 (79.86%) were positive for coronavirus and group A rotavirus, respectively, using qRT-PCR. The number of samples positive on ELISA for coronavirus and rotavirus was 73 (12.46%) and 225 (38.40%), respectively. Using LAT, 30 (22.73%) and 43 (35.35%) samples were positive for coronavirus and rotavirus, respectively. Simple linear regression revealed a statistically significant (P < 0.05) but weak (r(2) =-0.07 and -0.40) correlation between the rotavirus/coronavirus qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. There was also poor agreement between the LAT and qRT-PCR assays.

Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of the commercial ELISA and LAT assays evaluated in this study were low compared with qRT-PCR. The low positive and negative predictive values of the assays suggests that they were of limited diagnostic benefit in the population sampled.

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