Oxidative Stress, Molecular Inflammation and Sarcopenia

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2010 May 19

PMID 20480032

Citations 240

Authors

Si-Jin Meng

Long-Jiang Yu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Sarcopenia is the decline of muscle mass and strength with age. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress and molecular inflammation play important roles in age-related muscle atrophy. The two factors may interfere with the balance between protein synthesis and breakdown, cause mitochondrial dysfunction, and induce apoptosis. The purpose of this review is to discuss some of the major signaling pathways that are activated or inactivated during the oxidative stress and molecular inflammation seen in aged skeletal muscle. Combined interventions that may be required to reverse sarcopenia, such as exercise, caloric restriction, and nutrition, will also be discussed.

Citing Articles

Standardized Fingerroot () Extract Decelerates the Development of Sarcopenia in Aged Rats.

Kim C, Kang M, Kim Y, Hwang J Prev Nutr Food Sci. 2025; 30(1):47-55.

PMID: 40059920 PMC: 11884943. DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2025.30.1.47.

Medical Nutrition Therapy and Physical Exercise for Acute and Chronic Hyperglycemic Patients with Sarcopenia.

Abad-Gonzalez A, Veses S, Argente Pla M, Civera M, Garcia-Malpartida K, Sanchez C Nutrients. 2025; 17(3).

PMID: 39940355 PMC: 11820730. DOI: 10.3390/nu17030499.

A review of sarcopenia pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches: resistance exercise, nutrition, and monoterpenes.

Lee S, Baek S, Park H, Han K, Lee K, Ahn S Phys Act Nutr. 2025; 28(4):83-91.

PMID: 39934634 PMC: 11811620. DOI: 10.20463/pan.2024.0036.

Evaluating the role of sarcopenia in adverse clinical outcomes for Crohn's disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Saleh O, Alshwayyat S, Hares M, Shalan S, Alasmar D, Alkurdi O Int J Colorectal Dis. 2025; 40(1):35.

PMID: 39934435 PMC: 11814033. DOI: 10.1007/s00384-025-04828-7.

Relationship of monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) and other inflammatory biomarkers with sarcopenia: a population-based study.

Xue Z, Cao J, Mou J, Wang R, Liu P Lipids Health Dis. 2025; 24(1):42.

PMID: 39923040 PMC: 11806851. DOI: 10.1186/s12944-025-02464-2.

References

Bodine S, Stitt T, Gonzalez M, Kline W, Stover G, Bauerlein R . Akt/mTOR pathway is a crucial regulator of skeletal muscle hypertrophy and can prevent muscle atrophy in vivo. Nat Cell Biol. 2001; 3(11):1014-9. DOI: 10.1038/ncb1101-1014. View

Li M, Li C, Parkhouse W . Age-related differences in the des IGF-I-mediated activation of Akt-1 and p70 S6K in mouse skeletal muscle. Mech Ageing Dev. 2003; 124(7):771-8. DOI: 10.1016/s0047-6374(03)00124-6. View

Raingeaud J, Gupta S, Rogers J, Dickens M, Han J, Ulevitch R . Pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental stress cause p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by dual phosphorylation on tyrosine and threonine. J Biol Chem. 1995; 270(13):7420-6. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.13.7420. View

Raue U, Slivka D, Jemiolo B, Hollon C, Trappe S . Proteolytic gene expression differs at rest and after resistance exercise between young and old women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2008; 62(12):1407-12. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/62.12.1407. View

Carter C, Hofer T, Seo A, Leeuwenburgh C . Molecular mechanisms of life- and health-span extension: role of calorie restriction and exercise intervention. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2007; 32(5):954-66. DOI: 10.1139/H07-085. View

Russell A, Feilchenfeldt J, Schreiber S, Praz M, Crettenand A, Gobelet C . Endurance training in humans leads to fiber type-specific increases in levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha in skeletal muscle. Diabetes. 2003; 52(12):2874-81. DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.52.12.2874. View

Li H, Kedar V, Zhang C, McDonough H, Arya R, Wang D . Atrogin-1/muscle atrophy F-box inhibits calcineurin-dependent cardiac hypertrophy by participating in an SCF ubiquitin ligase complex. J Clin Invest. 2004; 114(8):1058-71. PMC: 522252. DOI: 10.1172/JCI22220. View

Drummond M, Dreyer H, Pennings B, Fry C, Dhanani S, Dillon E . Skeletal muscle protein anabolic response to resistance exercise and essential amino acids is delayed with aging. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2008; 104(5):1452-61. PMC: 2715298. DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00021.2008. View

Leeuwenburgh C . Role of apoptosis in sarcopenia. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003; 58(11):999-1001. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/58.11.m999. View

10.

Handschin C, Spiegelman B . The role of exercise and PGC1alpha in inflammation and chronic disease. Nature. 2008; 454(7203):463-9. PMC: 2587487. DOI: 10.1038/nature07206. View

11.

Faulkner J, Larkin L, Claflin D, Brooks S . Age-related changes in the structure and function of skeletal muscles. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2007; 34(11):1091-6. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04752.x. View

12.

Lexell J, TAYLOR C, Sjostrom M . What is the cause of the ageing atrophy? Total number, size and proportion of different fiber types studied in whole vastus lateralis muscle from 15- to 83-year-old men. J Neurol Sci. 1988; 84(2-3):275-94. DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(88)90132-3. View

13.

Nader G . Concurrent strength and endurance training: from molecules to man. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006; 38(11):1965-70. DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000233795.39282.33. View

14.

Hunter R, Kandarian S . Disruption of either the Nfkb1 or the Bcl3 gene inhibits skeletal muscle atrophy. J Clin Invest. 2004; 114(10):1504-11. PMC: 525738. DOI: 10.1172/JCI21696. View

15.

Koopman R, Zorenc A, Gransier R, Cameron-Smith D, van Loon L . Increase in S6K1 phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle following resistance exercise occurs mainly in type II muscle fibers. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006; 290(6):E1245-52. DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00530.2005. View

16.

Southgate R, Neill B, Prelovsek O, El-Osta A, Kamei Y, Miura S . FOXO1 regulates the expression of 4E-BP1 and inhibits mTOR signaling in mammalian skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem. 2007; 282(29):21176-86. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M702039200. View

17.

Cai D, Frantz J, Tawa Jr N, Melendez P, Oh B, Lidov H . IKKbeta/NF-kappaB activation causes severe muscle wasting in mice. Cell. 2004; 119(2):285-98. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2004.09.027. View

18.

Owino V, Yang S, Goldspink G . Age-related loss of skeletal muscle function and the inability to express the autocrine form of insulin-like growth factor-1 (MGF) in response to mechanical overload. FEBS Lett. 2001; 505(2):259-63. DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(01)02825-3. View

19.

McKiernan S, Bua E, McGorray J, Aiken J . Early-onset calorie restriction conserves fiber number in aging rat skeletal muscle. FASEB J. 2004; 18(3):580-1. DOI: 10.1096/fj.03-0667fje. View

20.

Leger B, Cartoni R, Praz M, Lamon S, Deriaz O, Crettenand A . Akt signalling through GSK-3beta, mTOR and Foxo1 is involved in human skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy. J Physiol. 2006; 576(Pt 3):923-33. PMC: 1890416. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.116715. View