Identification of a Porcine DC-SIGN-related C-type Lectin, Porcine CLEC4G (LSECtin), and Its Order of Intron Removal During Splicing: Comparative Genomic Analyses of the Cluster of Genes CD23/CLEC4G/DC-SIGN Among Mammalian Species

Overview

Journal Dev Comp Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2009 Jan 27

PMID 19166875

Citations 9

Authors

Y W Huang

X J Meng

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Human CLEC4G (previously named LSECtin), DC-SIGN, and L-SIGN are three important C-type lectins capable of mediating viral and bacterial pathogen recognitions. These three genes, together with CD23, form a lectin gene cluster at chromosome 19p13.3. In this study, we have experimentally identified the cDNA and the gene encoding porcine CLEC4G (pCLEC4G). Full-length pCLEC4G cDNA encodes a type II transmembrane protein of 290 amino acids. pCLEC4G gene has the same gene structure as the human and the predicted bovine, canis, mouse and rat CLEC4G genes with nine exons. A multi-species-conserved site at the extreme 3'-untranslated region of CLEC4G mRNAs was predicted to be targeted by microRNA miR-350 in domesticated animals and by miR-145 in primates, respectively. We detected pCLEC4G mRNA expression in liver, lymph node and spleen tissues. We also identified a series of sequential intermediate products of pCLEC4G pre-mRNA during splicing from pig liver. The previously unidentified porcine CD23 cDNA containing the complete coding region was subsequently cloned and found to express in spleen, thymus and lymph node. Furthermore, we compared the chromosomal regions syntenic to the human cluster of genes CD23/CLEC4G/DC-SIGN/L-SIGN in representative mammalian species including primates, domesticated animal, rodents and opossum. The L-SIGN homologues do not exist in non-primates mammals. The evolutionary processes of the gene cluster, from marsupials to primates, were proposed based upon their genomic structures and phylogenetic relationships.

Citing Articles

Development of Anti-Inflammatory Agents Utilizing DC-SIGN Mediated IL-10 Secretion in Autoimmune and Immune-Mediated Disorders: Bridging Veterinary and Human Health.

Baek H, Yang S, Kim S, Lee Y, Park H, Park M Int J Mol Sci. 2025; 26(5).

PMID: 40076949 PMC: 11901132. DOI: 10.3390/ijms26052329.

Characterization of the Immune Microenvironment and Identification of Biomarkers in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Transcriptome Analysis.

Wang Y, Song X, Jin M, Lu J J Inflamm Res. 2024; 17:253-277.

PMID: 38229690 PMC: 10790669. DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S440409.

Characterization of a novel anti-human lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) antibody for cancer immunotherapy.

Yu X, Huang X, Chen X, Liu J, Wu C, Pu Q MAbs. 2019; 11(6):1139-1148.

PMID: 31242068 PMC: 6748621. DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2019.1629239.

Sweet complementarity: the functional pairing of glycans with lectins.

Gabius H, Manning J, Kopitz J, Andre S, Kaltner H Cell Mol Life Sci. 2016; 73(10):1989-2016.

PMID: 26956894 PMC: 11108359. DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2163-8.

SplicePie: a novel analytical approach for the detection of alternative, non-sequential and recursive splicing.

Pulyakhina I, Gazzoli I, t Hoen P, Verwey N, den Dunnen J, den Dunnen J Nucleic Acids Res. 2015; 43(12):e80.

PMID: 25800735 PMC: 4499118. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv242.

References

Conrad D, Ford J, Sturgill J, Gibb D . CD23: an overlooked regulator of allergic disease. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2007; 7(5):331-7. DOI: 10.1007/s11882-007-0050-y. View

Powlesland A, Fisch T, Taylor M, Smith D, Tissot B, Dell A . A novel mechanism for LSECtin binding to Ebola virus surface glycoprotein through truncated glycans. J Biol Chem. 2007; 283(1):593-602. PMC: 2275798. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M706292200. View

Liu W, Tang L, Zhang G, Wei H, Cui Y, Guo L . Characterization of a novel C-type lectin-like gene, LSECtin: demonstration of carbohydrate binding and expression in sinusoidal endothelial cells of liver and lymph node. J Biol Chem. 2004; 279(18):18748-58. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M311227200. View

Gramberg T, Hofmann H, Moller P, Lalor P, Marzi A, Geier M . LSECtin interacts with filovirus glycoproteins and the spike protein of SARS coronavirus. Virology. 2005; 340(2):224-36. PMC: 7111772. DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2005.06.026. View

Bowden T, Crispin M, Harvey D, Aricescu A, Grimes J, Jones E . Crystal structure and carbohydrate analysis of Nipah virus attachment glycoprotein: a template for antiviral and vaccine design. J Virol. 2008; 82(23):11628-36. PMC: 2583688. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01344-08. View

Geijtenbeek T, Kwon D, Torensma R, van Vliet S, van Duijnhoven G, Middel J . DC-SIGN, a dendritic cell-specific HIV-1-binding protein that enhances trans-infection of T cells. Cell. 2000; 100(5):587-97. DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80694-7. View

Bashirova A, Geijtenbeek T, van Duijnhoven G, van Vliet S, Eilering J, Martin M . A dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN)-related protein is highly expressed on human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and promotes HIV-1 infection. J Exp Med. 2001; 193(6):671-8. PMC: 2193415. DOI: 10.1084/jem.193.6.671. View

Bartel D . MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell. 2004; 116(2):281-97. DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(04)00045-5. View

Robberson B, Cote G, Berget S . Exon definition may facilitate splice site selection in RNAs with multiple exons. Mol Cell Biol. 1990; 10(1):84-94. PMC: 360715. DOI: 10.1128/mcb.10.1.84-94.1990. View

10.

Geijtenbeek T, Krooshoop D, Bleijs D, van Vliet S, van Duijnhoven G, Grabovsky V . DC-SIGN-ICAM-2 interaction mediates dendritic cell trafficking. Nat Immunol. 2001; 1(4):353-7. DOI: 10.1038/79815. View

11.

Geijtenbeek T, Torensma R, van Vliet S, van Duijnhoven G, Adema G, van Kooyk Y . Identification of DC-SIGN, a novel dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 receptor that supports primary immune responses. Cell. 2000; 100(5):575-85. DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80693-5. View

12.

Cambi A, Koopman M, Figdor C . How C-type lectins detect pathogens. Cell Microbiol. 2005; 7(4):481-8. DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2005.00506.x. View

13.

Khoo U, Chan K, Chan V, Steve Lin C . DC-SIGN and L-SIGN: the SIGNs for infection. J Mol Med (Berl). 2008; 86(8):861-74. PMC: 7079906. DOI: 10.1007/s00109-008-0350-2. View

14.

Huang Y, Dryman B, Li W, Meng X . Porcine DC-SIGN: molecular cloning, gene structure, tissue distribution and binding characteristics. Dev Comp Immunol. 2008; 33(4):464-80. PMC: 7103218. DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2008.09.010. View

15.

McCullough A, Berget S . G triplets located throughout a class of small vertebrate introns enforce intron borders and regulate splice site selection. Mol Cell Biol. 1997; 17(8):4562-71. PMC: 232310. DOI: 10.1128/MCB.17.8.4562. View

16.

Mummidi S, Catano G, Lam L, Hoefle A, Telles V, Begum K . Extensive repertoire of membrane-bound and soluble dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin 1 (DC-SIGN1) and DC-SIGN2 isoforms. Inter-individual variation in expression of DC-SIGN transcripts. J Biol Chem. 2001; 276(35):33196-212. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M009807200. View

17.

Weis W, Taylor M, Drickamer K . The C-type lectin superfamily in the immune system. Immunol Rev. 1998; 163:19-34. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01185.x. View

18.

Gramberg T, Soilleux E, Fisch T, Lalor P, Hofmann H, Wheeldon S . Interactions of LSECtin and DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR with viral ligands: Differential pH dependence, internalization and virion binding. Virology. 2007; 373(1):189-201. PMC: 7103327. DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2007.11.001. View

19.

Bashirova A, Wu L, Cheng J, Martin T, Martin M, Benveniste R . Novel member of the CD209 (DC-SIGN) gene family in primates. J Virol. 2002; 77(1):217-27. PMC: 140574. DOI: 10.1128/jvi.77.1.217-227.2003. View

20.

Lozach P, Burleigh L, Staropoli I, Amara A . The C type lectins DC-SIGN and L-SIGN: receptors for viral glycoproteins. Methods Mol Biol. 2007; 379:51-68. PMC: 7122727. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-393-6_4. View