Common Structural Features Among Monoclonal Antibodies Binding the Same Antigenic Region of Cytochrome C

To examine if there are common physicochemical features among antibodies binding the same antigenic region of a protein, B cell hybridomas were prepared against the two major antigenic regions on mammalian cytochromes c, and the nucleotide sequences encoding the monoclonal antibody (mAb) heavy (H) and light (L) chains were determined and compared. Although the genetic elements used were somewhat diverse, similarities among mAbs to a given antigenic region were observed. In particular, mAbs binding in a region situated at a bend in the antigen around residues 44 and 47 had longer complementarity-determining regions (4-5 additional amino acid residues in L1 and 1-2 in H3) than mAbs binding the other region around residues 60 and 62 located on a relatively flat surface. These observations indicate that the topography of an antigenic site and the lengths of certain complementarity-determining regions are important physicochemical properties determining, at least in part, which antibodies (B cells) will participate in an immune response to a particular site on a protein antigen.