A Neutralizable Epitope Common to the Envelope Glycoproteins of Ecotropic, Polytropic, Xenotropic, and Amphotropic Murine Leukemia Viruses

Overview

Journal J Virol

Publisher American Society for Microbiology

Date 1990 Dec 1

PMID 1700832

Citations 104

Authors

L H Evans

R P Morrison

F G Malik

J Portis

W J Britt

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

An epitope common to all classes of murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs) was detected by reactivity of MuLVs with a rat monoclonal antibody (MAb) termed 83A25. The antibody is of the immunoglobulin G2a isotype and was derived after fusion of NS-1 myeloma cells with spleen cells from a Fischer rat immunized with a Friend polytropic MuLV. The antibody reacted with nearly all members of the ecotropic, polytropic, xenotropic, and amphotropic classes of MuLVs. Unreactive viruses were limited to the Friend ecotropic MuLV, Rauscher MuLV, and certain recombinant derivatives of Friend ecotropic MuLV. The presence of an epitope common to nearly all MuLVs facilitated a direct quantitative focal immunofluorescence assay for MuLVs, including the amphotropic MuLVs for which no direct assay has been previously available. Previously described MAbs which react with all classes of MuLVs have been limited to those which react with virion core or transmembrane proteins. In contrast, protein immunoblot and immunoprecipitation analyses established that the epitope reactive with MAb 83A25 resides in the envelope glycoproteins of the viruses. Structural comparisons of reactive and nonreactive Friend polytropic viruses localized the epitope near the carboxyl terminus of the glycoprotein. The epitope served as a target for neutralization of all classes of MuLV with MAb 83A25. The efficiency of neutralization varied with different MuLV isolates but did not correlate with MuLV interference groups.

Citing Articles

Stem cell activity-coupled suppression of endogenous retrovirus governs adult tissue regeneration.

Lyu Y, Kim S, Humphrey E, Nayak R, Guan Y, Liang Q Cell. 2024; 187(26):7414-7432.e26.

PMID: 39476839 PMC: 11682924. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.10.007.

Adaptive immunity to retroelements promotes barrier integrity.

Wells A, Lima-Junior D, Link V, Smelkinson M, Krishnamurthy S, Chi L bioRxiv. 2024; .

PMID: 39149266 PMC: 11326312. DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.09.606346.

Reactivated endogenous retroviruses promote protein aggregate spreading.

Liu S, Heumuller S, Hossinger A, Muller S, Buravlova O, Lichtenthaler S Nat Commun. 2023; 14(1):5034.

PMID: 37596282 PMC: 10439213. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40632-z.

Endogenous retroviruses promote homeostatic and inflammatory responses to the microbiota.

Lima-Junior D, Krishnamurthy S, Bouladoux N, Collins N, Han S, Chen E Cell. 2021; 184(14):3794-3811.e19.

PMID: 34166614 PMC: 8381240. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.020.

Epigenetic silencing by SETDB1 suppresses tumour intrinsic immunogenicity.

Griffin G, Wu J, Iracheta-Vellve A, Patti J, Hsu J, Davis T Nature. 2021; 595(7866):309-314.

PMID: 33953401 PMC: 9166167. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03520-4.

References

Rauscher F . A virus-induced disease of mice characterized by erythrocytopoiesis and lymphoid leukemia. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1962; 29:515-43. View

Henderson I, Lieber M, Todaro G . Mink cell line Mv 1 Lu (CCL 64). Focus formation and the generation of "nonproducer" transformed cell lines with murine and feline sarcoma viruses. Virology. 1974; 60(1):282-7. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(74)90386-9. View

Evans L, Malik F . Class II polytropic murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs) of AKR/J mice: possible role in the generation of class I oncogenic polytropic MuLVs. J Virol. 1987; 61(6):1882-92. PMC: 254194. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.61.6.1882-1892.1987. View

Sitbon M, Nishio J, Wehrly K, Lodmell D, Chesebro B . Use of a focal immunofluorescence assay on live cells for quantitation of retroviruses: distinction of host range classes in virus mixtures and biological cloning of dual-tropic murine leukemia viruses. Virology. 1985; 141(1):110-8. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(85)90187-4. View

Evans L, Cloyd M . Friend and Moloney murine leukemia viruses specifically recombine with different endogenous retroviral sequences to generate mink cell focus-forming viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985; 82(2):459-63. PMC: 397058. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.82.2.459. View

Morrison R, Lyng K, Caldwell H . Chlamydial disease pathogenesis. Ocular hypersensitivity elicited by a genus-specific 57-kD protein. J Exp Med. 1989; 169(3):663-75. PMC: 2189293. DOI: 10.1084/jem.169.3.663. View

Lander M, Chattopadhyay S . A Mus dunni cell line that lacks sequences closely related to endogenous murine leukemia viruses and can be infected by ectropic, amphotropic, xenotropic, and mink cell focus-forming viruses. J Virol. 1984; 52(2):695-8. PMC: 254577. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.52.2.695-698.1984. View

Sitbon M, Sola B, Evans L, Nishio J, Hayes S, Nathanson K . Hemolytic anemia and erythroleukemia, two distinct pathogenic effects of Friend MuLV: mapping of the effects to different regions of the viral genome. Cell. 1986; 47(6):851-9. DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90800-7. View

McAtee F, Portis J . Monoclonal antibodies specific for wild mouse neurotropic retrovirus: detection of comparable levels of virus replication in mouse strains susceptible and resistant to paralytic disease. J Virol. 1985; 56(3):1018-22. PMC: 252677. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.56.3.1018-1022.1985. View

10.

Wolff L, Scolnick E, Ruscetti S . Envelope gene of the Friend spleen focus-forming virus: deletion and insertions in 3' gp70/p15E-encoding region have resulted in unique features in the primary structure of its protein product. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983; 80(15):4718-22. PMC: 384115. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.80.15.4718. View

11.

Chesebro B, Wehrly K, Nishio J, Evans L . Leukemia induction by a new strain of Friend mink cell focus-inducing virus: synergistic effect of Friend ecotropic murine leukemia virus. J Virol. 1984; 51(1):63-70. PMC: 254400. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.51.1.63-70.1984. View

12.

Nowinski R, Pickering R, ODonnell P, Pinter A, Hammerling U . Selective neutralization of ecotropic murine leukemia virus by monoclonal antibodies: localization of a site on the gp70 protein associated with ecotropism. Virology. 1981; 111(1):84-92. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(81)90655-3. View

13.

Pinter A, Honnen W, Tung J, ODonnell P, Hammerling U . Structural domains of endogenous murine leukemia virus gp70s containing specific antigenic determinants defined by monoclonal antibodies. Virology. 1982; 116(2):499-516. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(82)90143-x. View

14.

Cloyd M, Chesebro B, Portis J, Weir M . MCF-specific murine monoclonal antibodies made against AKR-247 MCF virus recognize a unique determinant associated with the gp70-p-15(E) complex. J Virol. 1982; 41(3):1112-7. PMC: 256853. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.41.3.1112-1117.1982. View

15.

Portis J, McAtee F . Monoclonal antibodies derived during graft-versus-host reaction. II. Antibodies detect unique determinants common to many MCF viruses. Virology. 1983; 126(1):96-105. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(83)90464-6. View

16.

Adachi A, Sakai K, Kitamura N, Nakanishi S, Niwa O, Matsuyama M . Characterization of the env gene and long terminal repeat of molecularly cloned Friend mink cell focus-inducing virus DNA. J Virol. 1984; 50(3):813-21. PMC: 255741. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.50.3.813-821.1984. View

17.

Chesebro B, Britt W, Evans L, Wehrly K, Nishio J, CLOYD M . Characterization of monoclonal antibodies reactive with murine leukemia viruses: use in analysis of strains of friend MCF and Friend ecotropic murine leukemia virus. Virology. 1983; 127(1):134-48. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(83)90378-1. View

18.

Rein A, Schultz A . Different recombinant murine leukemia viruses use different cell surface receptors. Virology. 1984; 136(1):144-52. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(84)90255-1. View

19.

Obata Y, STOCKERT E, DeLeo A, ODonnell P, Snyder Jr H, Old L . A cell surface antigen of the mouse related to xenotropic MuLv defined by naturally occurring antibody and monoclonal antibody. Relation to Gix G(rada1), G(aksl2) systems of MuLV-related antigens. J Exp Med. 1981; 154(3):659-75. PMC: 2186439. DOI: 10.1084/jem.154.3.659. View

20.

Portis J, McAtee F, Cloyd M . Monoclonal antibodies to xenotropic and MCF murine leukemia viruses derived during the graft-versus-host reaction. Virology. 1982; 118(1):181-90. DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(82)90331-2. View