Mucosal Arenavirus Infection of Primates Can Protect Them from Lethal Hemorrhagic Fever

Overview

Journal J Med Virol

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2004 Jan 30

PMID 14748066

Citations 20

Authors

Juan D Rodas

Igor S Lukashevich

Juan C Zapata

Cristiana Cairo

Ilia Tikhonov

Mahmoud Djavani

C David Pauza

Maria S Salvato

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Arenaviruses are transmitted from rodents to human beings by blood or mucosal exposure. The most devastating arenavirus in terms of human disease is Lassa fever virus, causing up to 300,000 annual infections in West Africa. We used a model for Lassa fever in which Rhesus macaques were infected with a related virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Our goals were to determine the outcome of infection after mucosal inoculation and later lethal challenge, to characterize protective immune responses, and to test cross-protection between a virulent (LCMV-WE) and an avirulent (LCMV-ARM) strain of virus. Although intravenous infections in the monkey model were uniformly lethal, intragastric infections recapitulated the spectrum of clinical outcomes seen in human exposure to Lassa fever virus: death, recovery from disease, and most often, subclinical infection. Plaque neutralization, ELISA, lymphocyte proliferation, and chromium-release assays were used to monitor humoral and cellular immune responses. Cross protection between the two strains was observed. The three out of seven monkeys that experienced protection were also the three with the strongest cell-mediated immunity.

Citing Articles

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