Two Types of Anti-progestins Have Distinct Effects on Site-specific Phosphorylation of Human Progesterone Receptor

Human progesterone receptor (PR) is phosphorylated on multiple serine residues; three sites (Ser102, Ser294, and Ser345) are inducible by hormone agonist, while at least six others are basally phosphorylated and exhibit a general increase in response to hormone. In this study we have used high performance liquid chromatography phosphopeptide mapping and manual peptide sequencing to investigate how two different progestin antagonists, RU486 and ZK98299, affect site-specific phosphorylation of PR isolated from T47D breast cancer cells. As compared to the progestin agonist R5020, RU486 stimulated a similar increase in overall incorporation of [32P]phosphate per PR molecule (2.5-2.6-fold for PR-A and 2.1-fold for PR-B), and at the site-specific level, RU486 stimulated both the basal and inducible sites to the same extent as R5020. In contrast, ZK98299 produced only a minimal increase in overall phosphorylation (1.2-fold for PR-A and 1.1-fold for PR-B) which was due to a reduced stimulation of the basal sites and failure to induce any of the three hormone-dependent sites. No inappropriate phosphorylation sites were detected in response to either RU486 or ZK98299. In cotreatment studies, ZK98299 blocked the increase in overall phosphorylation of PR induced by R5020, demonstrating that the failure of this antagonist to stimulate specific phosphorylation sites is not due to an inefficient interaction with PR in the intact cell. These results indicate that the biological effects of RU486 are not mediated by an alternation in the phosphorylation state of PR, whereas failure to promote phosphorylation of certain sites may contribute to the antagonist action of ZK98299. Additionally these results support the concept of two mechanistic classes of anti-progestins that affect PR differently in vivo.