Anxiolytic-like Effect Induced by Chronic Stress is Reversed by Naloxone Pretreatment

The present study assesses the influence of different restraint schedules on behavioral parameters determined by a conflict test, namely the light-dark transitions (LDT) as well as the opiate modulation on the behavioral consequences induced by chronic restraint. Finally, another group of animals that received naloxone (NAL) and/or chronic stress was either exposed to a single foot shock session or administered a single dose of the beta-carboline FG 7142 (N'-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxamide) immediately prior to the LDT test. We observed that a single restraint session (2 h) induced a decrease of LDT and time spent in the lit box, while chronic restraint (2 h per day for up to 7 days) induced a significant increase in both parameters. However, this increasing effect was blocked by a NAL administration (2 mg/kg IP) prior to each of the seven restraint events. A single foot shock or FG administration produced a clear anxiogenic response, an effect that was absent in animals previously submitted to chronic stress. In addition, NAL pretreatment abolished the chronic stress-induced attenuating effect on the behavioral suppression induced after either foot shock or FG administration. Therefore, these findings demonstrate that a previous history of chronic stress, leading to adaptation, induced an anxiolytic-like effect, and attenuated the behavioral suppression produced by acute stressors. There seems to be an endogenous opiate mechanism involved in the behavioral influence induced by chronic stress.