Structural Features of the Rat Small Intestinal Microvillus Membrane in Acute Experimental Diabetes

Overview

Journal Dig Dis Sci

Specialty Gastroenterology

Date 1982 Sep 1

PMID 7049626

Citations 4

Authors

J L Madara

J L Wolf

J S Trier

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Experimentally induced diabetes enhances the specific activity of several microvillus membrane proteins in the rat small intestine. The increase in the specific activity of sucrase-isomaltase has been shown by others to be due to an increase in enzyme protein, raising the possibility that diabetes induces a generalized increase in microvillus membrane proteins. Since intramembrane particles (IMPs) seen on freeze-fracture replicas of microvillus membranes are thought to represent integral membrane proteins, we compared microvillus IMP densities in diabetic rats with those in control rats. In addition, mucosal sucrase, maltase, and alkaline phosphatase specific activities were measured in all animals. Diabetic rats had significantly increased sucrase and maltase but not alkaline phosphatase specific activities compared with control rats. The density of microvillus IMPs on both the protoplasmic and extracellular fracture faces of undifferentiated crypt cells and villus absorptive cells was not increased in experimental diabetes. These data indicate that diabetes does not result in a generalized increase in microvillus membrane proteins. Thus the enhanced activity of microvillus membrane proteins in diabetes appears to be highly selective.

Citing Articles

A freeze-fracture study of perinatal changes of intramembranous particles in microvilli of absorptive cells in mouse small intestine.

Arima T, Yamamoto T Cell Tissue Res. 1983; 233(3):549-61.

PMID: 6627350 DOI: 10.1007/BF00212224.

Intestinal adaptation to diabetes. Altered Na-dependent nutrient absorption in streptozocin-treated chronically diabetic rats.

Fedorak R, Chang E, Madara J, Field M J Clin Invest. 1987; 79(6):1571-8.

PMID: 2953760 PMC: 424470. DOI: 10.1172/JCI112991.

Effect of diazinon on freeze-fracture images of microvilli of intestinal epithelial cells of Tilapia nilotica.

Sakr S, Gabr S Z Ernahrungswiss. 1991; 30(4):268-75.

PMID: 1788994 DOI: 10.1007/BF01651956.

Regional alterations in intestinal sucrase expression in streptozocin-treated chronically diabetic rats.

Hoffman L, Yen S, Chang E Dig Dis Sci. 1992; 37(7):1078-83.

PMID: 1618056 DOI: 10.1007/BF01300290.

References

Knutton S, Limbrick A, ROBERTSON J . Regular structures in membranes. I. Membranes in the endocytic complex of ileal epithelial cells. J Cell Biol. 1974; 62(3):679-94. PMC: 2109218. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.62.3.679. View

Caspary W, Rhein A, Creutzfeldt W . Increase of intestinal brush border hydrolases in mucosa of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Diabetologia. 1972; 8(6):412-4. DOI: 10.1007/BF01212169. View

Edwards H, Mueller T, Morrison M . Distribution of transmembrane polypeptides in freeze fracture. Science. 1979; 203(4387):1343-6. DOI: 10.1126/science.424755. View

Silva P, Nicolson G . Freeze-etch localization of concanavalin A receptors to the membrane intercalated particles of human erythrocyte ghost membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1974; 363(3):311-9. DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(74)90071-6. View

Younoszai M, SCHEDL H . Effect of diabetes on intestinal disaccharidase activities. J Lab Clin Med. 1972; 79(4):579-86. View

Grant C, McConnell H . Glycophorin in lipid bilayers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974; 71(12):4653-7. PMC: 433953. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.71.12.4653. View

Olsen W, Korsmo H . The intestinal brush border membrane in diabetes. Studies of sucrase-isomaltase metabolism in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. J Clin Invest. 1977; 60(1):181-8. PMC: 372356. DOI: 10.1172/JCI108755. View

Riecken E, Zennek A, Lay A, MENGE H . Quantitative study of mucosal structure, enzyme activities and phenylalanine accumulation in jejunal biopsies of patients with early and late onset diabetes. Gut. 1979; 20(11):1001-7. PMC: 1412670. DOI: 10.1136/gut.20.11.1001. View

Claude P, Goodenough D . Fracture faces of zonulae occludentes from "tight" and "leaky" epithelia. J Cell Biol. 1973; 58(2):390-400. PMC: 2109050. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.58.2.390. View

10.

TILLACK T, Scott R, Marchesi V . The structure of erythrocyte membranes studied by freeze-etching. II. Localization of receptors for phytohemagglutinin and influenza virus to the intramembranous particles. J Exp Med. 1972; 135(6):1209-27. PMC: 2139169. DOI: 10.1084/jem.135.6.1209. View

11.

Maestracci D . Enzymic solubilization of the human intestinal brush border membrane enzymes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976; 433(3):469-81. DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(76)90274-1. View

12.

Olsen W, Rogers L . Jejunal sucrase activity in diabetic rats. J Lab Clin Med. 1971; 77(5):838-42. View

13.

SCHEDL H, Wilson H . Effects of diabetes on intestinal growth and hexose transport in the rat. Am J Physiol. 1971; 220(6):1739-45. DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.220.6.1739. View

14.

Jakoi E, Zampighi G, ROBERTSON J . Regular structures in unit membranes. II. Morphological and biochemical characterization of two water-soluble membrane proteins isolated from the suckling rat ileum. J Cell Biol. 1976; 70(1):97-111. PMC: 2109800. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.70.1.97. View

15.

Leese H, MANSFORD K . The effect of insulin and insulin deficiency on the transport and metabolism of glucose by rat small intestine. J Physiol. 1971; 212(3):819-38. PMC: 1395714. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1971.sp009358. View

16.

Dawson I, PRYSE-DAVIES J . The distribution of certain enzyme systems in the normal human gastrointestinal tract. Gastroenterology. 1963; 44:745-60. View

17.

Grand R, Chong D, Isselbacher K . Intracellular processing of disaccharidases: the effect of actinomycin D. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971; 261(2):341-52. DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(72)90058-x. View

18.

Segrest J, Gulik-Krzywicki T, Sardet C . Association of the membrane-penetrating polypeptide segment of the human erythrocyte MN-glycoprotein with phospholipid bilayers. I. Formation of freeze-etch intramembranous particles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974; 71(8):3294-8. PMC: 388672. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.71.8.3294. View

19.

Madara J, Trier J, Neutra M . Structural changes in the plasma membrane accompanying differentiation of epithelial cells in human and monkey small intestine. Gastroenterology. 1980; 78(5 Pt 1):963-75. View

20.

Nordstrom C, Dahlqvist A . Quantitative distribution of some enzymes along the villi and crypts of human small intestine. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1973; 8(5):406-16. View