Gut Mucosal Mast Cells. Origin, Traffic, and Differentiation

Overview

Journal J Exp Med

Specialties Allergy & Immunology
General Medicine

Date 1984 Jul 1

PMID 6429265

Citations 39

Authors

M Dy

G LUFFAU

P Vassalli

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Gut mucosal mast cells (MMC), which are nearly absent in normal mice are abundant during nematode infection. In normal mice, study of MMC precursors (MMC-P: cells giving rise to MMC colonies in the presence of IL-3) show that: (a) their frequency, judged by limiting dilution is very high in bone marrow (BM) and gut, and very low in most lymphoid organs and thoracic duct lymph (TDL); (b) gut MMC-P are Thy-1- Lyt-1-2- and are not rapidly replicating; (c) they are the progeny of less differentiated BM MMC-P which are attracted from the blood to the gut mucosa by local factor(s), other than antigen and T cell factors (since normal amounts of gut MMC-P are found in germ-free, nude, and newborn mice). In mice bearing the Wehi 3 tumor (which releases enough IL-3 to produce detectable blood levels) spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (LN) show increased MMC-P frequency, the greatest increase being in the gut and BM, where numerous differentiated MMC are found. In Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb)-infested mice (known to develop a large, T cell-dependent, gut MMC infiltration), gut MMC-P proliferation is induced by IL-3 released from gut mucosal Thy-1+ Lyt-2- cells, whose in vitro IL-3 release capability is much higher than that of similar cells from normal mice. Both Nb-stimulated T blasts and proliferating MMC-P undergo cyclic traffic, migrating into the TDL and then seeding the whole length of the gut (a process which allows a widespread immune defense after a local antigenic stimulus). Experiments using 2-d interruption of this traffic and fetal gut grafts, suggest that the continuous homing of T blasts back to the gut which leads to permanent Nb-stimulated IL-3 release, is essential for the full maturation of MMC. Transfer experiments in the rat show that TDL circulating MMC-P rapidly mature into MMC when they home back to the Nb-infested gut. It is proposed that gut MMC arise after several stages of progressive differentiation of MMC-P, influenced both by IL-3 and unidentified gut factor(s).

Citing Articles

Mucosal Mast Cells as Key Effector Cells in Food Allergies.

Nakano N, Kitaura J Cells. 2022; 11(3).

PMID: 35159139 PMC: 8834119. DOI: 10.3390/cells11030329.

Microbial-Driven Immunological Memory and Its Potential Role in Microbiome Editing for the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer.

Campillo-Gimenez L, Rios-Covian D, Rivera-Nieves J, Kiyono H, Chu H, Ernst P Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021; 11:752304.

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Responses of Mast Cells to Pathogens: Beneficial and Detrimental Roles.

Jimenez M, Cervantes-Garcia D, Cordova-Davalos L, Perez-Rodriguez M, Gonzalez-Espinosa C, Salinas E Front Immunol. 2021; 12:685865.

PMID: 34211473 PMC: 8240065. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.685865.

Chymase-Cre; Mcl-1 Mice Exhibit Reduced Numbers of Mucosal Mast Cells.

Luo Y, Meyer N, Jiao Q, Scheffel J, Zimmermann C, Metz M Front Immunol. 2019; 10:2399.

PMID: 31681290 PMC: 6803453. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02399.

Germ-Free Mice Exhibit Mast Cells With Impaired Functionality and Gut Homing and Do Not Develop Food Allergy.

Schwarzer M, Hermanova P, Srutkova D, Golias J, Hudcovic T, Zwicker C Front Immunol. 2019; 10:205.

PMID: 30809227 PMC: 6379318. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00205.

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