Alternative Pathway Complement Activation in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Serum and synovial fluid (SF) levels of the complement components C3, C5, factor B (B), properdin (P), beta 1H and C3b inactivator (C3bINA), and EDTA-plasma and SF concentrations of C3d and Ba were measured in 40 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 5 patients with osteoarthritis. Decreased SF concentration of B and P and increased levels of Ba showed that increased alternative pathway turnover occurred in RA. Reduced SF C3bINA concentrations occurred, but levels of beta 1H were not reduced. The results showed that alternative pathway turnover was dependent upon C3 turnover, but failed to support the notion that levels of C3bINA or beta 1H control alternative pathway turnover in RA.