Glutamate Uptake by a Stimulated Insect Nerve Muscle Preparation

Overview

Journal J Cell Biol

Specialty Cell Biology

Date 1970 Aug 1

PMID 4317730

Citations 20

Authors

I R Faeder

M M Salpeter

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Recent reports suggest that glutamate may be the excitatory neuromuscular transmitter in insects. In this study, glutamate uptake by isolated cockroach nerve muscle preparations was investigated by means of chemical and electron microscope radioautographic techniques. We found that the preparation had a high affinity for glutamate and that nerve stimulation enhanced glutamate uptake. Chemical studies showed that the average tissue concentration of glutamate bound during a 1 hr incubation period in 10(-5)M glutamate-(3)H after nerve stimulation was 2.8 x 10(-5)M. Less than 1% of the radioactivity was present in the perchloric acid-precipitated protein fraction. Using electron microscope radioautography, we observed that sheath cells showed the highest glutamate concentration of all cellular compartments. Uptake was greater at neuromuscular junctions than in other regions of the tissue. The data suggest a possible mechanism for transmitter inactivation and protection of synapses from high blood glutamate.

Citing Articles

The nuclear import of Frizzled2-C by Importins-beta11 and alpha2 promotes postsynaptic development.

Mosca T, Schwarz T Nat Neurosci. 2010; 13(8):935-43.

PMID: 20601947 PMC: 2913881. DOI: 10.1038/nn.2593.

The functional organisation of glia in the adult brain of Drosophila and other insects.

Edwards T, Meinertzhagen I Prog Neurobiol. 2010; 90(4):471-97.

PMID: 20109517 PMC: 2847375. DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.01.001.

Effect of ambient extracellular glutamate on Drosophila glutamate receptor trafficking and function.

Chen K, Augustin H, Featherstone D J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 2008; 195(1):21-9.

PMID: 18941757 PMC: 2629498. DOI: 10.1007/s00359-008-0378-3.

Single glutamate-activated channels recorded from locust muscle fibres with perfused patch-clamp electrodes.

Cull-Candy S, Miledi R, Parker I J Physiol. 1981; 321:195-210.

PMID: 6279823 PMC: 1249621. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1981.sp013979.

The uptake and release of glutamate at the crayfish neuromuscular junction.

Kawagoe R, Onodera K, Takeuchi A J Physiol. 1984; 354:69-78.

PMID: 6148414 PMC: 1193398. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1984.sp015362.

References

LUFT J . Improvements in epoxy resin embedding methods. J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1961; 9:409-14. PMC: 2224998. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.9.2.409. View

PETERS Jr T, ASHLEY C . An artefact in radioautography due to binding of free amino acids to tissues by fixatives. J Cell Biol. 1967; 33(1):53-60. PMC: 2107283. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.33.1.53. View

Edwards G, RUSKA H, de Harven E . Neuromuscular junctions in flight and tymbal muscles of the cicada. J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1958; 4(3):251-6. PMC: 2224472. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.4.3.251. View

Iversen L, Kravitz E . The metabolism of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the lobster nervous system--uptake of GABA in the nerve-muscle preparations. J Neurochem. 1968; 15(7):609-20. DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1968.tb08960.x. View

Faeder I, OBrien R, Salpeter M . A re-investigation of evidence for cholinergic neuromuscular transmission in insects. J Exp Zool. 1970; 173(2):187-202. DOI: 10.1002/jez.1401730207. View

Usherwood P, Machili P, LEAF G . L-Glutamate at insect excitatory nerve-muscle synapses. Nature. 1968; 219(5159):1169-72. DOI: 10.1038/2191169a0. View

Faeder I, OBrien R . Responses of perfused isolated leg preparations of the cockroach, Gromphadorhina portentosa, to L-glutamate, gaba, picrotoxin, strychnine and chlorpromazine. J Exp Zool. 1970; 173(2):203-14. DOI: 10.1002/jez.1401730208. View

Hill R, Usherwood P . The action of 5-hydroxytryptamine and related compounds on neuromuscular transmission in the locust Schistocerca gregaria. J Physiol. 1961; 157(2):393-401. PMC: 1359960. DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1961.sp006730. View

Salpeter M, Bachmann L . AUTORADIOGRAPHY WITH THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE. A PROCEDURE FOR IMPROVING RESOLUTION, SENSITIVITY, AND CONTRAST. J Cell Biol. 1964; 22:469-77. PMC: 2106457. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.22.2.469. View

10.

Bachmann L, Salpeter M . Absolute sensitivity of electron microscope radioautography. J Cell Biol. 1967; 33(2):299-305. PMC: 2108360. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.33.2.299. View

11.

KERKUT G, Leake L, Shapira A, Cowan S, Walker R . The presence of glutamate in nerve-muscle perfusates of Helix, Carcinus and Periplaneta. Comp Biochem Physiol. 1965; 15(4):485-502. DOI: 10.1016/0010-406x(65)90148-9. View

12.

Singer M, Salpeter M . The transport of 3H-l-histidine through the Schwann and myelin sheath into the axon, including a reevaluation of myelin function. J Morphol. 1966; 120(3):281-315. DOI: 10.1002/jmor.1051200305. View

13.

Usherwood P, Machili P . Chemical transmission at the insect excitatory neuromuscular synapse. Nature. 1966; 210(5036):634-6. DOI: 10.1038/210634a0. View

14.

Benassi C, Colombo G, Peretti G . Free amino acids of the hemolymph of Anacridium aegyptium L. (orthoptera). Experientia. 1959; 15:457-8. DOI: 10.1007/BF02158250. View

15.

Stevens T . Free amino acids in the hemolymph of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana L. Comp Biochem Physiol. 1961; 3:304-9. DOI: 10.1016/0010-406x(61)90017-2. View

16.

Benassi C, Colombo G, Allegri G . Free amino acids of the haemolymph of Schistocerca gregaria Forsk. Biochem J. 1961; 80(2):332-6. PMC: 1244003. DOI: 10.1042/bj0800332. View

17.

Morin W, Atwood H . A comparative study of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake in crustacean nerve-muscle preparations. Comp Biochem Physiol. 1969; 30(3):577-83. DOI: 10.1016/0010-406x(69)92027-1. View