A First Trial to Supplement Local Hardwood Sawdust at the First Soaking for the Cultivation of Shiitake ()

Overview

Journal PeerJ

Specialties Biology
Environmental Health
General Medicine

Date 2025 Feb 28

PMID 40017649

Authors

Stephanie Nabhan

Soukayna Haidar Ahmad

Zeina El Sebaaly

Teodor Nedelin

Youssef Najib Sassine

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Supplementation of the growing substrate has been reported to enhance the production of cultivated mushrooms; however, supplementation using nano-sized additives is not yet investigated on Shiitake (). The study investigated the potential of a nano-supplement (Lithovit®-Amino25) containing an admixture of 25% L-amino acids on shiitake cultivated on sawdust from locally available oak, maple, and apple trees (oak sawdust: OS, maple sawdust: MS, and apple sawdust: AS). Initially, sawdusts were enriched equally with wheat bran (WB) and at the first soaking, Lithovit®-Amino25 was applied at 5 g/L. Treatments were: T1: OS-WB (control), T2: OS-WB+ nano-amino, T3: MS-WB, T4: MS-WB+ nano-amino, T5: AS-WB, and T6: AS-WB+ nano-amino. Among non-supplemented substrates, complete mycelia run, fruiting, and harvest dates were faster in T1 than in T3 and T5. Complete mycelial development was delayed by 7, 5, 9, and 6 d in T3, T4, T5, and T6 compared to T1. The harvest date was delayed by 7.7-8.3 d on maple sawdust and by 10.5-12.7 d on apple sawdust compared to oak sawdust. However, nano-supplementation hastened fruiting and harvest dates (by 9.3 d) in T4 compared to T3. The biological yield of the second harvest was higher on supplemented than on non-supplemented maple and apple sawdusts. Only T1 and T2 showed consistency in production over two consecutive harvests. Nano-supplementation improved the total biological yield in T2, T4, and T6 by 9.8, 21.0, and 22.5%, respectively. Nevertheless, all treatments, except T4, had lower biological efficiencies compared with T1. In T4, results of stepwise regression showed a strong positive correlation (R = 0.96) between the total biological yield and mushroom weight at the second harvest. Supplementation caused a slight or significant improvement in pileus diameter and mushroom firmness and a significant improvement in mushroom's crude protein (by 2.9-8.2% compared to T1) and fiber contents (by 1-2.3% compared to T1). In conclusion, supplemented maple sawdust would alternate oak sawdust for shiitake production, though other timings of supplementation might be further investigated to optimize production on this substrate.

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