Glioblastoma Multiforme: Insights into Pathogenesis, Key Signaling Pathways, and Therapeutic Strategies

Overview

Journal Mol Cancer

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialties Molecular Biology
Oncology

Date 2025 Feb 26

PMID 40011944

Authors

Ashkan Pouyan

Masoud Ghorbanlo

Masoud Eslami

Majid Jahanshahi

Ehsan Ziaei

Ali Salami

Khatere Mokhtari

Koorosh Shahpasand

Najma Farahani

Tohid Emami Meybodi

Maliheh Entezari

Afshin Taheriazam

Kiavash Hushmandi

Mehrdad Hashemi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, characterized by a poor prognosis and significant resistance to existing treatments. Despite progress in therapeutic strategies, the median overall survival remains approximately 15 months. A hallmark of GBM is its intricate molecular profile, driven by disruptions in multiple signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt, NF-κB, and TGF-β, critical to tumor growth, invasion, and treatment resistance. This review examines the epidemiology, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic prospects of targeting these pathways in GBM, highlighting recent insights into pathway interactions and discovering new therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.

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