GlnA3 is Able to Glutamylate Spermine but It is Not Essential for the Detoxification of Spermine in

Overview

Journal J Bacteriol

Publisher American Society for Microbiology

Date 2025 Jan 30

PMID 39882905

Authors

Sergii Krysenko

Carine Sao Emani

Moritz Bauerle

Maria Oswald

Andreas Kulik

Christian Meyners

Doris Hillemann

Matthias Merker

Gareth Prosser

Inken Wohlers

Felix Hausch

Heike Brotz-Oesterhelt

Agnieszka Mitulski

Norbert Reiling

Wolfgang Wohlleben

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Importance: Upon infection macrophages synthesize the polyamine spermine, which at elevated concentrations is toxic for . Based on our investigations of spermine resistance in the closely related actinomycete , we hypothesized that the glutamylspermine synthetase GlnA3 may be responsible for the resistance of against toxic spermine. Here we show that GlnA3 can indeed covalently modify spermine via glutamylation. However, GlnA3 is probably not the only resistance mechanism since a null mutant of can survive under spermine stress. Gene expression studies suggest that an efflux pump may participate in resistance. Thus a combination of GlnA3 and specific efflux pumps acting as putative spermine transporters may constitute an active spermine-detoxification system in .

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