Single-cell Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid Reveals Common Features of Neuroinflammation

Overview

Journal Cell Rep Med

Publisher Cell Press

Specialties Biology
General Medicine

Date 2024 Dec 21

PMID 39708811

Authors

Benjamin M Jacobs

Christiane Gasperi

Sudhakar Reddy Kalluri

Raghda Al-Najjar

Mollie O McKeon

Jonathan Else

Albert Pukaj

Friederike Held

Stephen Sawcer

Maria Ban

Bernhard Hemmer

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is often characterized by immune cell infiltrates in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Here, we apply single-cell RNA sequencing to explore the functional characteristics of these cells in patients with various inflammatory, infectious, and non-inflammatory neurological disorders. We show that CSF is distinct from the peripheral blood in terms of both cellular composition and gene expression. We report that the cellular and transcriptional landscape of CSF is altered in neuroinflammation but is strikingly similar across different neuroinflammatory disorders. We find clonal expansion of CSF lymphocytes in all disorders but most pronounced in inflammatory diseases, and we functionally characterize the transcriptional features of these cells. Finally, we explore the genetic control of gene expression in CSF lymphocytes. Our results highlight the common features of immune cells in the CSF compartment across diverse neurological diseases and may help to identify new targets for drug development or repurposing in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Citing Articles

Pediatric cerebrospinal fluid immune profiling distinguishes pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis from other pediatric-onset acute neurological disorders.

Espinoza D, Zrzavy T, Breville G, Thebault S, Marefi A, Mexhitaj I bioRxiv. 2025; .

PMID: 40060552 PMC: 11888486. DOI: 10.1101/2025.02.27.637541.

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