Airway Epithelium in Lung Transplantation: a Potential Actor for Post-transplant Complications?

Overview

Journal Eur Respir Rev

Specialty Pulmonary Medicine

Date 2024 Nov 27

PMID 39603662

Authors

Jules Milesi

Delphine Gras

Pascal Chanez

Benjamin Coiffard

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Lung transplantation, a critical intervention for end-stage lung diseases, is frequently challenged by post-transplant complications. Indeed, primary graft dysfunction, anastomotic complications, infections and acute and chronic rejections pose significant hurdles in lung transplantation. While evidence regarding the role of airway epithelium after lung transplantation is still emerging, its importance is becoming increasingly recognised. This review looks at the complex involvement of airway epithelium in various post-transplant complications, while emphasising the utility of airway epithelial culture as a research model. In summary, by elucidating the involvement of airway epithelium in each post-transplant complication and explaining these intricate processes, the review aims to guide specific future research efforts and therapeutic strategies aimed at improving lung transplant outcomes and enhancing patient care.

References

Dugger D, Fung M, Zlock L, Caldera S, Sharp L, Hays S . Cystic Fibrosis Lung Transplant Recipients Have Suppressed Airway Interferon Responses during Infection. Cell Rep Med. 2020; 1(4). PMC: 7402593. DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100055. View

Suwara M, Vanaudenaerde B, Verleden S, Vos R, Green N, Ward C . Mechanistic differences between phenotypes of chronic lung allograft dysfunction after lung transplantation. Transpl Int. 2014; 27(8):857-67. PMC: 4282071. DOI: 10.1111/tri.12341. View

Shoham S, Marr K . Invasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Future Microbiol. 2012; 7(5):639-55. PMC: 4222063. DOI: 10.2217/fmb.12.28. View

Faust H, Golden J, Rajalingam R, Wang A, Green G, Hays S . Short lung transplant donor telomere length is associated with decreased CLAD-free survival. Thorax. 2017; 72(11):1052-1054. PMC: 6550329. DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209897. View

Dutau H, Vandemoortele T, Laroumagne S, Gomez C, Boussaud V, Cavailles A . A new endoscopic standardized grading system for macroscopic central airway complications following lung transplantation: the MDS classification. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2013; 45(2):e33-8. DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezt499. View

Gharib S, Edelman J, Ge L, Chen P . Acute cellular rejection elicits distinct microRNA signatures in airway epithelium of lung transplant patients. Transplant Direct. 2016; 1(10). PMC: 4914138. DOI: 10.1097/TXD.0000000000000551. View

Yserbyt J, Dooms C, Vos R, Dupont L, Van Raemdonck D, Verleden G . Anastomotic airway complications after lung transplantation: risk factors, treatment modalities and outcome-a single-centre experience. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2015; 49(1):e1-8. DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezv363. View

Benzimra M, Calligaro G, Glanville A . Acute rejection. J Thorac Dis. 2018; 9(12):5440-5457. PMC: 5757020. DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.11.83. View

Meyer K, Raghu G, Verleden G, Corris P, Aurora P, Wilson K . An international ISHLT/ATS/ERS clinical practice guideline: diagnosis and management of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. Eur Respir J. 2014; 44(6):1479-503. DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00107514. View

10.

Magda G . Opportunistic Infections Post-Lung Transplantation: Viral, Fungal, and Mycobacterial. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2024; 38(1):121-147. DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2023.12.001. View

11.

Iasella C, Hoji A, Popescu I, Wei J, Snyder M, Zhang Y . Type-1 immunity and endogenous immune regulators predominate in the airway transcriptome during chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Am J Transplant. 2020; 21(6):2145-2160. PMC: 8607839. DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16360. View

12.

Lazzaro B, Zasloff M, Rolff J . Antimicrobial peptides: Application informed by evolution. Science. 2020; 368(6490). PMC: 8097767. DOI: 10.1126/science.aau5480. View

13.

Baldwin M, Peterson E, Easthausen I, Quintanilla I, Colago E, Sonett J . Donor age and early graft failure after lung transplantation: a cohort study. Am J Transplant. 2013; 13(10):2685-95. PMC: 4157369. DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12428. View

14.

Rahmatpanah F, Agrawal S, Jaiswal N, Nguyen H, McClelland M, Agrawal A . Airway epithelial cells prime plasmacytoid dendritic cells to respond to pathogens via secretion of growth factors. Mucosal Immunol. 2018; 12(1):77-84. PMC: 6301110. DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0097-1. View

15.

Singh P, Jia H, Wiles K, Hesselberth J, Liu L, Conway B . Production of beta-defensins by human airway epithelia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998; 95(25):14961-6. PMC: 24558. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.25.14961. View

16.

Martinu T, Chen D, Palmer S . Acute rejection and humoral sensitization in lung transplant recipients. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2009; 6(1):54-65. PMC: 2626504. DOI: 10.1513/pats.200808-080GO. View

17.

Liu Z, Liao F, Scozzi D, Furuya Y, Pugh K, Hachem R . An obligatory role for club cells in preventing obliterative bronchiolitis in lung transplants. JCI Insight. 2019; 5. PMC: 6538316. DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.124732. View

18.

Sato T, Vries R, Snippert H, van de Wetering M, Barker N, Stange D . Single Lgr5 stem cells build crypt-villus structures in vitro without a mesenchymal niche. Nature. 2009; 459(7244):262-5. DOI: 10.1038/nature07935. View

19.

Lowry M, Guo C, Zhang Y, Fantacone M, Logan I, Campbell Y . A mouse model for vitamin D-induced human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide gene expression. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2019; 198:105552. PMC: 7089838. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105552. View

20.

Mitchell C, Provost K, Niu N, Homer R, Cohn L . IFN-γ acts on the airway epithelium to inhibit local and systemic pathology in allergic airway disease. J Immunol. 2011; 187(7):3815-20. PMC: 3178669. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100436. View