Immunomodulation and Protective Effects of Extract Against Infection in Larvae

Overview

Journal Insects

Specialty Biology

Date 2024 Nov 26

PMID 39590481

Authors

Kiratiya Eiamthaworn

David Holthaus

Sureeporn Suriyaprom

Volker Rickerts

Yingmanee Tragoolpua

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

-derived formulations are currently used for multiple purposes because of their medical properties, especially immune system modulation. This study analyzes the inhibitory effects of aqueous extract on infections and the immune response in larvae of the greater wax moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Larvae exhibited melanization within 1 h of being infected with inoculum at a concentration of 10 cells/larvae, and died within 24 h from a lethal dose. Aqueous extract of proved to be nontoxic at concentrations of 0.25 and 0.125 mg/larvae, and had the greatest ability to prolong the survival of larvae infected with a sublethal dose of at a concentration of 10 cells/larvae. Moreover, the number of hemocytes in the hemolymph of increased after infection with and treatment with the aqueous extract of at 1, 24, and 48 h by 1.21 × 10, 1.23 × 10, and 1.4 × 10 cells/100 µL, respectively. The highest number of hemocytes was recorded after treatment of infected with the extract for 48 h. Transcriptional upregulation of the immune system was observed in certain antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), showing that the relative expression of , , and genes were upregulated as early as 1 h after infection. Therefore, we conclude that aqueous extract can modulate the immune system of and protect against infection from .

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