Prior Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery is an Independent Determinant of Severity of Decompensation in Alcohol-associated Liver Disease

Overview

Journal United European Gastroenterol J

Publisher Wiley

Specialty Gastroenterology

Date 2024 Nov 15

PMID 39545623

Authors

Louis Onghena

Yves van Nieuwenhove

Hans Van Vlierberghe

Lindsey Devisscher

Sarah Raevens

Xavier Verhelst

Sander Lefere

Anja Geerts

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Patients with a history of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) are susceptible to developing alcohol use disorder, potentially resulting in end-stage liver disease, with a paucity of data on the evolution of cirrhosis.

Aims: Our aim was to describe the demographics and mortality in hospitalizations over time in individuals diagnosed with cirrhosis due to alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) in relation to prior MBS.

Methods: We included patients hospitalized at the Ghent University Hospital between 1/1/2010 and 01/09/2023 with cirrhosis due to ALD. Data were retrieved retrospectively from all hospitalizations.

Results: 46/275 (16.7%) of individuals with cirrhosis admitted with ALD had a history of MBS; they were predominantly female (76.1%), in contrast to the non-MBS population (29.7%) (p < 0.0001) and were significantly younger at the time of diagnosis (46 vs. 58 years, p < 0.0001). Liver disease evolved at a faster pace in the MBS group with a shorter time to first hospitalization (5 vs. 13 months, p = 0.036), and consecutive hospitalizations. The proportion with primary hospitalization due to acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) was significantly larger in the MBS group (60.9% vs. 27.6%, p < 0.0001), and throughout the following hospitalizations, ACLF remained more prevalent in the MBS group. Modeled transplant-free survival was lower in the MBS group (p = 0.004), with ACLF as the main cause of death. The weekly amount of alcohol consumed during drinking periods and duration of use were significantly lower in the MBS group.

Conclusions: MBS patients hospitalized with ALD develop acute decompensation at a faster pace, with more overall ACLF hospitalizations, and higher cumulative mortality, despite being 12 years younger on average.

Clinical Trial Registration: Not applicable.

Citing Articles

Prior metabolic and bariatric surgery is an independent determinant of severity of decompensation in alcohol-associated liver disease.

Onghena L, van Nieuwenhove Y, Van Vlierberghe H, Devisscher L, Raevens S, Verhelst X United European Gastroenterol J. 2024; 12(10):1440-1449.

PMID: 39545623 PMC: 11652326. DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12642.

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