The Physiological and Performance Effects of Actovegin During Maximal Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Overview
Authors
Affiliations
Background: Evidence regarding the performance-related effects of Actovegin is limited, despite legislated restrictions being in place for this supplement within sport settings.
Objectives: Our study examined the effects of Actovegin on physiological responses and performance during maximal cardiopulmonary exercise in collegiate athletes.
Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled experimental design was adopted. Moderately trained collegiate athletes from various sports were randomly allocated to placebo ( = 8) or Actovegin ( = 8) groups. All athletes consumed three capsules across each day for seven days of loading. Athletes underwent two separate cardiopulmonary exercise tests one week apart. Separate 2 × 2 mixed ANOVAs and effect sizes (ηp2) were used to assess for between- and within-group differences.
Results: A significant time * group effect ( = 0.036, ηp2 = 0.278) was observed in systolic blood pressure. Significant main effects were only observed for time in several variables, with increases in peak oxygen uptake (VO) ( < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.893), peak minute ventilation ( = 0.004, ηp2 = 0.456), ventilatory equivalents for carbon dioxide ( = 0.002, ηp2 = 0.517), oxygen pulse ( = 0.006, ηp2 = 0.434), VO at first ventilatory threshold ( = 0.002, ηp2 = 0.520), velocity at second ventilatory threshold ( < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.997), VO at second ventilatory threshold ( < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.628), and peak velocity ( = 0.010, ηp2 = 0.386), and a decrease in respiratory exchange ratio ( < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.695).
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that although physiological and performance alterations were evident with Actovegin supplementation during cardiopulmonary exercise, no further benefits beyond those obtained with a placebo were attained.