Multi-omics Framework to Reveal the Molecular Determinants of Fermentation Performance in Wine Yeast Populations

Overview

Journal Microbiome

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialties Genetics
Microbiology

Date 2024 Oct 15

PMID 39407259

Authors

Miguel de Celis

Javier Ruiz

Belen Benitez-Dominguez

Javier Vicente

Sandra Tomasi

Sergio Izquierdo-Gea

Nicolas Rozes

Candela Ruiz-de-Villa

Jordi Gombau

Fernando Zamora

Alicia Barroso-delJesus

Laura C Terron-Camero

Eduardo Andres-Leon

Antonio Santos

Ignacio Belda

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Connecting the composition and function of industrial microbiomes is a major aspiration in microbial biotechnology. Here, we address this question in wine fermentation, a model system where the diversity and functioning of fermenting yeast species are determinant of the flavor and quality of the resulting wines.

Results: First, we surveyed yeast communities associated with grape musts collected across wine appellations, revealing the importance of environmental (i.e., biogeography) and anthropic factors (i.e., farming system) in shaping community composition and structure. Then, we assayed the fermenting yeast communities in synthetic grape must under common winemaking conditions. The dominating yeast species defines the fermentation performance and metabolite profile of the resulting wines, and it is determined by the initial fungal community composition rather than the imposed fermentation conditions. Yeast dominance also had a more pronounced impact on wine meta-transcriptome than fermentation conditions. We unveiled yeast-specific transcriptomic profiles, leveraging different molecular functioning strategies in wine fermentation environments. We further studied the orthologs responsible for metabolite production, revealing modules associated with the dominance of specific yeast species. This emphasizes the unique contributions of yeast species to wine flavor, here summarized in an array of orthologs that defines the individual contribution of yeast species to wine ecosystem functioning.

Conclusions: Our study bridges the gap between yeast community composition and wine metabolite production, providing insights to harness diverse yeast functionalities with the final aim to producing tailored high-quality wines. Video Abstract.

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