Role and Function of Peroxisomes in Neuroinflammation

Overview

Journal Cells

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Biophysics
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Date 2024 Oct 15

PMID 39404418

Authors

Chinmoy Sarkar

Marta M Lipinski

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Peroxisomes are organelles involved in many cellular metabolic functions, including the degradation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs; C ≥ 22), the initiation of ether-phospholipid synthesis, and the metabolism of reactive oxygen species. All of these processes are essential for the maintenance of cellular lipid and redox homeostasis, and their perturbation can trigger inflammatory response in immune cells, including in the central nervous system (CNS) resident microglia and astrocytes. Consistently, peroxisomal disorders, a group of congenital diseases caused by a block in peroxisomal biogenesis or the impairment of one of the peroxisomal enzymes, are associated with neuroinflammation. Peroxisomal function is also dysregulated in many neurodegenerative diseases and during brain aging, both of which are associated with neuroinflammation. This suggests that deciphering the role of peroxisomes in neuroinflammation may be important for understanding both congenital and age-related brain dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the current advances in understanding the role and function of peroxisomes in neuroinflammation.

Citing Articles

Modelling Peroxisomal Disorders in Zebrafish.

Jiang C, Schrader M Cells. 2025; 14(2).

PMID: 39851575 PMC: 11764017. DOI: 10.3390/cells14020147.

References

Radzikowska U, Rinaldi A, Celebi Sozener Z, Karaguzel D, Wojcik M, Cypryk K . The Influence of Dietary Fatty Acids on Immune Responses. Nutrients. 2019; 11(12). PMC: 6950146. DOI: 10.3390/nu11122990. View

Hossain M, Mawatari S, Fujino T . Plasmalogens inhibit neuroinflammation and promote cognitive function. Brain Res Bull. 2022; 192:56-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.11.005. View

Zierfuss B, Buda A, Villoria-Gonzalez A, Logist M, Fabjan J, Parzer P . Saturated very long-chain fatty acids regulate macrophage plasticity and invasiveness. J Neuroinflammation. 2022; 19(1):305. PMC: 9759912. DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02664-y. View

Nath A, Parsons B, Makdissi S, Chilvers R, Mu Y, Weaver C . Modulation of the cell membrane lipid milieu by peroxisomal β-oxidation induces Rho1 signaling to trigger inflammatory responses. Cell Rep. 2022; 38(9):110433. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110433. View

Islinger M, Voelkl A, Fahimi H, Schrader M . The peroxisome: an update on mysteries 2.0. Histochem Cell Biol. 2018; 150(5):443-471. PMC: 6182659. DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1722-5. View

Gu J, Chen L, Sun R, Wang J, Wang J, Lin Y . Plasmalogens Eliminate Aging-Associated Synaptic Defects and Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Mice. Front Mol Biosci. 2022; 9:815320. PMC: 8906368. DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.815320. View

Berger J, Forss-Petter S, Eichler F . Pathophysiology of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Biochimie. 2013; 98:135-42. PMC: 3988840. DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.11.023. View

Jean Beltran P, Cook K, Hashimoto Y, Galitzine C, Murray L, Vitek O . Infection-Induced Peroxisome Biogenesis Is a Metabolic Strategy for Herpesvirus Replication. Cell Host Microbe. 2018; 24(4):526-541.e7. PMC: 6195127. DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.09.002. View

Trompier D, Vejux A, Zarrouk A, Gondcaille C, Geillon F, Nury T . Brain peroxisomes. Biochimie. 2013; 98:102-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.009. View

10.

Youssef M, Ibrahim A, Akashi K, Hossain M . PUFA-Plasmalogens Attenuate the LPS-Induced Nitric Oxide Production by Inhibiting the NF-kB, p38 MAPK and JNK Pathways in Microglial Cells. Neuroscience. 2018; 397:18-30. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.11.030. View

11.

DE DUVE C, Baudhuin P . Peroxisomes (microbodies and related particles). Physiol Rev. 1966; 46(2):323-57. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.1966.46.2.323. View

12.

Sejimo S, Hossain M, Akashi K . Scallop-derived plasmalogens attenuate the activation of PKCδ associated with the brain inflammation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018; 503(2):837-842. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.084. View

13.

El Hajj H, Vluggens A, Andreoletti P, Ragot K, Mandard S, Kersten S . The inflammatory response in acyl-CoA oxidase 1 deficiency (pseudoneonatal adrenoleukodystrophy). Endocrinology. 2012; 153(6):2568-75. PMC: 3791418. DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1137. View

14.

Vijayan V, Srinu T, Karnati S, Garikapati V, Linke M, Kamalyan L . A New Immunomodulatory Role for Peroxisomes in Macrophages Activated by the TLR4 Ligand Lipopolysaccharide. J Immunol. 2017; 198(6):2414-2425. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601596. View

15.

Solleiro-Villavicencio H, Rivas-Arancibia S . Effect of Chronic Oxidative Stress on Neuroinflammatory Response Mediated by CD4T Cells in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci. 2018; 12:114. PMC: 5934485. DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00114. View

16.

Di Cara F, Sheshachalam A, Braverman N, Rachubinski R, Simmonds A . Peroxisome-Mediated Metabolism Is Required for Immune Response to Microbial Infection. Immunity. 2017; 47(1):93-106.e7. DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.06.016. View

17.

Xu Z, Asahchop E, Branton W, Gelman B, Power C, Hobman T . MicroRNAs upregulated during HIV infection target peroxisome biogenesis factors: Implications for virus biology, disease mechanisms and neuropathology. PLoS Pathog. 2017; 13(6):e1006360. PMC: 5464672. DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006360. View

18.

Odendall C, Dixit E, Stavru F, Bierne H, Franz K, Durbin A . Diverse intracellular pathogens activate type III interferon expression from peroxisomes. Nat Immunol. 2014; 15(8):717-26. PMC: 4106986. DOI: 10.1038/ni.2915. View

19.

Ferreira A, Marques M, Ribeiro D . Peroxisomes and Innate Immunity: Antiviral Response and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci. 2019; 20(15). PMC: 6695817. DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153795. View

20.

Yu J, Chen T, Guo X, Zafar M, Li H, Wang Z . The Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in X-Link Adrenoleukodystrophy. Front Nutr. 2022; 9:864358. PMC: 9024313. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.864358. View