Evaluating the Use of Sacran, a Polysaccharide Isolated from , As a Possible Microbicide for Preventing HIV-1 Infection

Overview

Journal Viruses

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2024 Sep 28

PMID 39339979

Authors

Kouki Matsuda

Ryusho Kariya

Kenji Maeda

Seiji Okada

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Since combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) was introduced to treat human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the AIDS mortality rate has markedly decreased, and convalescence in individuals with HIV has improved drastically. However, sexual transmission has made HIV-1 a global epidemic. Sacran is a megamolecular polysaccharide extracted from cyanobacterium that exhibits numerous desirable characteristics for transdermic applications, such as safety as a biomaterial, a high moisture retention effect, the ability to form a film and hydrogel, and an anti-inflammatory effect. In this study, we evaluated the anti-HIV-1 effects in sacran as a barrier to HIV-1 transmission. Sacran inhibited HIV-1 infection and envelope-dependent cell-to-cell fusion. Moreover, we used a Transwell assay to confirm that sacran inhibited viral diffusion and captured viruses. The synergistic effects of sacran and other anti-HIV infection drugs were also evaluated. HIV-1 infections can be reduced through the synergistic effects of sacran and anti-HIV-1 drugs. Our study suggests using sacran gel to provide protection against HIV-1 transmission.

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