Development and Validation of a Game for Older Adults on Lifestyles and Frailty

Overview

Journal Nurs Rep

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Nursing

Date 2024 Sep 23

PMID 39311192

Authors

Ana da Conceicao Alves Faria

Maria Manuela Martins

Jose Alberto Laredo-Aguilera

Joao Miguel Almeida Ventura-Silva

Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes Ribeiro

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Games are a promising strategy for rehabilitating older adults. The effect of games on promoting healthy lifestyles and preventing frailty remains uncertain. This article aims to describe the process of development and validation of the game "Bem-me-quer para a saúde" to promote the acquisition of healthy lifestyles and prevent frailty in over 65-year-olds.

Methods: This study comprised three distinct phases, spanning from December 2023 to June 2024. The first phase comprised a thorough review of the scientific literature on the frailty and lifestyles of older adults, a second phase of game design, and a third phase of content and semantic validation conducted by specialized nurses and older adults.

Results: After revising literature, this study utilized an e-Delphi with a panel of 14 specialist nurses who underwent two rounds of evaluation. The "Bem-me-quer para a saúde" game includes a puzzle board with 54 pieces and 30 educational cards. In the final phase, we evaluated the game on a cohort of 50 older adults, highlighting its reflective, interactive, and educational aspects.

Conclusions: The game presented sufficient evidence of content validity and relevance to clinical practice. We should conduct additional research to evaluate its impact on lifestyle modification and frailty prevention.

References

Junger S, Payne S, Brine J, Radbruch L, Brearley S . Guidance on Conducting and REporting DElphi Studies (CREDES) in palliative care: Recommendations based on a methodological systematic review. Palliat Med. 2017; 31(8):684-706. DOI: 10.1177/0269216317690685. View

Noda S, Shirotsuki K, Nakao M . The effectiveness of intervention with board games: a systematic review. Biopsychosoc Med. 2019; 13:22. PMC: 6802304. DOI: 10.1186/s13030-019-0164-1. View

Robinson S, Jameson K, Syddall H, Dennison E, Cooper C, Sayer A . Clustering of lifestyle risk factors and poor physical function in older adults: the Hertfordshire cohort study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2013; 61(10):1684-91. PMC: 4930137. DOI: 10.1111/jgs.12457. View

Cano A, Dargent G, Carriazo A, Lopez-Samaniego L, Apostolo J, Campos E . Tackling frailty and functional decline: Background of the action group A3 of the European innovation partnership for active and healthy ageing. Maturitas. 2018; 115:69-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.06.009. View

Placido A, Herdeiro M, Roque F . Health and Wellbeing in Aging. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(14). PMC: 9323310. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148835. View

van Assen M, Helmink J, Gobbens R . Associations between lifestyle factors and multidimensional frailty: a cross-sectional study among community-dwelling older people. BMC Geriatr. 2022; 22(1):7. PMC: 8722011. DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02704-x. View

Nakao M . Special series on "effects of board games on health education and promotion" board games as a promising tool for health promotion: a review of recent literature. Biopsychosoc Med. 2019; 13:5. PMC: 6380050. DOI: 10.1186/s13030-019-0146-3. View

Coelho T, Santos R, Paul C, Gobbens R, Fernandes L . Portuguese version of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator: Transcultural adaptation and psychometric validation. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2014; 15(8):951-60. DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12373. View

Faria A, Martins M, Ribeiro O, Ventura-Silva J, Fonseca E, Ferreira L . Multidimensional Frailty and Lifestyles of Community-Dwelling Older Portuguese Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(22). PMC: 9691079. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214723. View

10.

Epstein D, Zemski A, Enticott J, Barton C . Tabletop Board Game Elements and Gamification Interventions for Health Behavior Change: Realist Review and Proposal of a Game Design Framework. JMIR Serious Games. 2021; 9(1):e23302. PMC: 8047814. DOI: 10.2196/23302. View

11.

Torregrosa-Ruiz M, Gutierrez M, Alberola S, Tomas J . A Successful Aging Model Based on Personal Resources, Self-Care, and Life Satisfaction. J Psychol. 2021; 155(7):606-623. DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2021.1935676. View

12.

Dias Torres Silva C, Felipe S, Carvalho K, Gouveia M, Silva Junior F, Figueiredo M . Construction and validation of an educational gerontotechnology on frailty in elderly people. Rev Bras Enferm. 2020; 73(suppl 3):e20200800. DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0800. View

13.

Gobbens R, Luijkx K, Wijnen-Sponselee M, Schols J . Toward a conceptual definition of frail community dwelling older people. Nurs Outlook. 2010; 58(2):76-86. DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2009.09.005. View

14.

Haapanen M, Mikkola T, Jylhava J, Wasenius N, Kajantie E, Eriksson J . Lifestyle-related factors in late midlife as predictors of frailty from late midlife into old age: a longitudinal birth cohort study. Age Ageing. 2024; 53(4). PMC: 10982848. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afae066. View

15.

Costa A, Henriques J, Alarcao V, Henriques A, Madeira T, Virgolino A . Active aging awareness and well-being among older adults in Portugal. Front Public Health. 2023; 11:1149731. PMC: 10130580. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1149731. View

16.

Travers J, Romero-Ortuno R, Langan J, MacNamara F, McCormack D, Mcdermott C . Building resilience and reversing frailty: a randomised controlled trial of a primary care intervention for older adults. Age Ageing. 2023; 52(2). DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afad012. View

17.

Schoenborn N, Van Pilsum Rasmussen S, Xue Q, Walston J, McAdams-DeMarco M, Segev D . Older adults' perceptions and informational needs regarding frailty. BMC Geriatr. 2018; 18(1):46. PMC: 5809948. DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0741-3. View

18.

Gobbens R, van der Ploeg T . The Prediction of Quality of Life by Frailty and Disability among Dutch Community-Dwelling People Aged 75 Years or Older. Healthcare (Basel). 2024; 12(9). PMC: 11083472. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12090874. View

19.

Deater-Deckard K, Chang M, Evans M . Engagement states and learning from educational games. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev. 2013; 2013(139):21-30. DOI: 10.1002/cad.20028. View

20.

Archibald M, Lawless M, Ambagtsheer R, Kitson A . Older adults' understandings and perspectives on frailty in community and residential aged care: an interpretive description. BMJ Open. 2020; 10(3):e035339. PMC: 7150596. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035339. View