Vitamin D Content and Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Epilepsy: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Overview

Journal Front Nutr

Specialty Nutritional Sciences

Date 2024 Sep 16

PMID 39279896

Authors

Yuanyuan Liu

Chao Gong

Jiawei Li

Xin Ning

Pei Zeng

Luchuan Wang

Beibei Lian

Jiahao Liu

Liya Fang

Jin Guo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D levels in patients with epilepsy (PWE) were systematically evaluated, and the differences between subgroups were analyzed.

Method: We identified all articles investigating the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with epilepsy from the database established in March 2024 from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. We divided them into anti-seizure medication (ASM) interventions and non-ASM interventions according to whether or not someone used ASM.

Results: A total of 68 articles were included. The prevalence of newly diagnosed epilepsy was 50.2% (95% CI: 38.7-61.7%), and the prevalence after ASM intervention was 47.9% (95% CI: 40-55.9%), including 7,070 patients with epilepsy. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed according to the diagnostic criteria, economic development level, region, age, ASM treatment, and other factors. The results showed that the differences were not significant. In addition, the vitamin D content of epilepsy patients (18.719 ng/mL) was lower than that of healthy people (20.295 ng/mL).

Conclusion: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with epilepsy is very high. Still, the related factors have little effect on the high prevalence of vitamin D in epilepsy, and ASM intervention can reduce the vitamin D content in patients with epilepsy. Therefore, it is emphasized that monitoring vitamin D levels is part of the routine management of patients with epilepsy.

Systematic Review Registration: The protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). (registration number CRD42023493896). https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ # myprospero.

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