Mechanical Investigation of a Tandem Embolization-visualization System for Minimally Invasive Procedures

Overview

Journal J Mech Behav Biomed Mater

Publisher Elsevier

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2024 Sep 14

PMID 39276435

Authors

Peng Chen

George Varghese P J

Keren Zhao

Jingjie Hu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Transcatheter arterial embolization is a minimally invasive intervention process in which the blood supply to a tumor or an abnormal area of tissue is blocked. One of the most commonly used embolic agents in clinics is microsphere (MS). In order to understand the flow behavior of microspheres in arteries, it is essential to study their mechanical properties systematically. In this work, calcium-alginate MSs with varying calcium concentrations were synthesized using a coaxial airflow method. Indocyanine green (ICG) was added as a fluorescent dye. The effect of ICG concentration change on microspheres was investigated by studying morphology, imageability, rheology, and swelling behavior. Then the effect of calcium chloride concentration change on microspheres was studied by conducting rheological tests, atomic force microscopy tests, hemolysis assay, and thrombogenicity assay. Results showed that microspheres with higher ICG concentrations have longer lasting fluorescence and lower storage modulus (G'). Higher concentrations of calcium chloride led to higher G', while the local Young's modulus obtained by AFM test was not significantly affected. The MSs with and without ICG showed good hemocompatibility and thrombogenicity.

References

Varghese P J G, Zhao K, Chen P, Hu J . Chitosan-nanoclay embolic material for catheter-directed arterial embolization. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2024; 112(6):914-930. PMC: 10984788. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37670. View

Cornelissen S, Verhagen H, van Herwaarden J, Vonken E, Moll F, Bartels L . Lack of thrombus organization in nonshrinking aneurysms years after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. J Vasc Surg. 2012; 56(4):938-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2012.03.015. View

Alander J, Kaartinen I, Laakso A, Patila T, Spillmann T, Tuchin V . A review of indocyanine green fluorescent imaging in surgery. Int J Biomed Imaging. 2012; 2012:940585. PMC: 3346977. DOI: 10.1155/2012/940585. View

Forster R, Thurmer F, Wallrapp C, Lloyd A, Macfarlane W, Phillips G . Characterisation of physico-mechanical properties and degradation potential of calcium alginate beads for use in embolisation. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2010; 21(7):2243-51. PMC: 2898106. DOI: 10.1007/s10856-010-4080-y. View

Zhao K, Varghese P J G, Chen P, Hu J . Developing a transcatheter injectable nanoclay- alginate gel for minimally invasive procedures. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2024; 152:106448. PMC: 10923083. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106448. View

Kikuchi A, Kawabuchi M, Watanabe A, Sugihara M, Sakurai Y, Okano T . Effect of Ca2+-alginate gel dissolution on release of dextran with different molecular weights. J Control Release. 1999; 58(1):21-8. DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(98)00141-2. View

Perez-Lopez A, Martin-Sabroso C, Gomez-Lazaro L, Torres-Suarez A, Aparicio-Blanco J . Embolization therapy with microspheres for the treatment of liver cancer: State-of-the-art of clinical translation. Acta Biomater. 2022; 149:1-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.019. View

Phillips J, Henderson A . Hemolytic Anemia: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis. Am Fam Physician. 2018; 98(6):354-361. View

Kawaguchi Y, Ishizawa T, Miyata Y, Yamashita S, Masuda K, Satou S . Portal uptake function in veno-occlusive regions evaluated by real-time fluorescent imaging using indocyanine green. J Hepatol. 2012; 58(2):247-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2012.09.028. View

10.

Hermanowicz P, Sarna M, Burda K, Gabrys H . AtomicJ: an open source software for analysis of force curves. Rev Sci Instrum. 2014; 85(6):063703. DOI: 10.1063/1.4881683. View

11.

Lewis A, Victoria Gonzalez M, Leppard S, Brown J, Stratford P, Phillips G . Doxorubicin eluting beads - 1: effects of drug loading on bead characteristics and drug distribution. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2007; 18(9):1691-9. DOI: 10.1007/s10856-007-3068-8. View

12.

Caine M, Carugo D, Zhang X, Hill M, Dreher M, Lewis A . Review of the Development of Methods for Characterization of Microspheres for Use in Embolotherapy: Translating Bench to Cathlab. Adv Healthc Mater. 2017; 6(9). DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601291. View

13.

Wang X, Chan V, Corridon P . Acellular Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts from Polymers: Methods, Achievements, Characterization, and Challenges. Polymers (Basel). 2022; 14(22). PMC: 9695055. DOI: 10.3390/polym14224825. View

14.

Lee S, Kim H, Sohn D, Eom J, Seo Y, Yoon H . Indocyanine green-loaded injectable alginate hydrogel as a marker for precision cancer surgery. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2020; 10(3):779-788. PMC: 7136741. DOI: 10.21037/qims.2020.02.24. View

15.

Alsberg E, Kong H, Hirano Y, Smith M, Albeiruti A, Mooney D . Regulating bone formation via controlled scaffold degradation. J Dent Res. 2003; 82(11):903-8. DOI: 10.1177/154405910308201111. View

16.

Hu J, Albadawi H, Chong B, Deipolyi A, Sheth R, Khademhosseini A . Advances in Biomaterials and Technologies for Vascular Embolization. Adv Mater. 2019; 31(33):e1901071. PMC: 7014563. DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901071. View

17.

Ishizawa T, Bandai Y, Ijichi M, Kaneko J, Hasegawa K, Kokudo N . Fluorescent cholangiography illuminating the biliary tree during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Br J Surg. 2010; 97(9):1369-77. DOI: 10.1002/bjs.7125. View

18.

Hidaka K, Moine L, Collin G, Labarre D, Grossiord J, Huang N . Elasticity and viscoelasticity of embolization microspheres. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2011; 4(8):2161-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.08.001. View

19.

Hidaka K, Nakamura M, Osuga K, Miyazaki H, Wada S . Elastic characteristics of microspherical embolic agents used for vascular interventional radiology. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2010; 3(7):497-503. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2010.05.004. View

20.

Letocha A, Miastkowska M, Sikora E . Preparation and Characteristics of Alginate Microparticles for Food, Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Applications. Polymers (Basel). 2022; 14(18). PMC: 9502979. DOI: 10.3390/polym14183834. View