Dairy Consumption and Vitamin D Concentration in Adolescents with Challenge-confirmed Cow's Milk Allergy During Infancy

Overview

Journal Eur J Clin Nutr

Specialty Nutritional Sciences

Date 2024 Jul 28

PMID 39069532

Authors

Sonja Piippo

Helena Hauta-Alus

Mirva Viljanen

Erkki Savilahti

Mikael Kuitunen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background/objectives: Milk is an important source of dietary calcium and, if fortified, vitamin D. Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is treated with a milk elimination diet. Although most children become tolerant by age 3 years, some continue dairy avoidance. It remains unclear whether adolescents with a history of CMA adopt similar milk consumption as their peers. We assessed dairy consumption and concentration of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in adolescents with either confirmed CMA or a negative CMA challenge in infancy (CMA-refuted group) and age-matched controls.

Subjects/methods: This study is based on a previously reported randomized controlled trial from 1999 to 2002 on the treatment effect of probiotics on atopic eczema in participants aged <12 months (n = 230) with data on CMA status. We followed up these participants, aged 15-18 years, in 2017 (n = 104). A 20-item food frequency questionnaire assessed dairy consumption. An automated immunoassay measured 25(OH)D concentration.

Results: Median dairy product consumption did not differ between adolescents with CMA (449 g/d, n = 40), the CMA-refuted group (566 g/d, n = 36), and controls (235 g/d, n = 51) (P = 0.117). Median 25(OH)D concentrations were 76.0, 79.3, and 80.8 nmol/l, respectively (P = 0.844). Among participants, 93% were vitamin D sufficient (25(OH)D ≥ 50 nmol/l), with no differences between groups (P = 0.914).

Conclusion: Among adolescents with a history of CMA during infancy, our study found no reintroduction failure of milk and no difference in vitamin D insufficiency rate compared with peers. Current management of CMA seems to adequately minimize later nutritional disadvantages associated with a cow's milk elimination diet.

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