Nanoscale Insights into Hematology: Super-resolved Imaging on Blood Cell Structure, Function, and Pathology

Overview

Journal J Nanobiotechnology

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Biotechnology

Date 2024 Jun 23

PMID 38910248

Authors

Jinghan Liu

Yuping Yolanda Tan

Wen Zheng

Yao Wang

Lining Arnold Ju

Qian Peter Su

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Fluorescence nanoscopy, also known as super-resolution microscopy, has transcended the conventional resolution barriers and enabled visualization of biological samples at nanometric resolutions. A series of super-resolution techniques have been developed and applied to investigate the molecular distribution, organization, and interactions in blood cells, as well as the underlying mechanisms of blood-cell-associated diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of various fluorescence nanoscopy technologies, outlining their current development stage and the challenges they are facing in terms of functionality and practicality. We specifically explore how these innovations have propelled forward the analysis of thrombocytes (platelets), erythrocytes (red blood cells) and leukocytes (white blood cells), shedding light on the nanoscale arrangement of subcellular components and molecular interactions. We spotlight novel biomarkers uncovered by fluorescence nanoscopy for disease diagnosis, such as thrombocytopathies, malignancies, and infectious diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the technological hurdles and chart out prospective avenues for future research directions. This review aims to underscore the significant contributions of fluorescence nanoscopy to the field of blood cell analysis and disease diagnosis, poised to revolutionize our approach to exploring, understanding, and managing disease at the molecular level.

Citing Articles

Advancing Platelet Research Through Live-Cell Imaging: Challenges, Techniques, and Insights.

Tan Y, Liu J, Su Q Sensors (Basel). 2025; 25(2).

PMID: 39860861 PMC: 11768609. DOI: 10.3390/s25020491.

References

Pan L, Yan R, Li W, Xu K . Super-Resolution Microscopy Reveals the Native Ultrastructure of the Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton. Cell Rep. 2018; 22(5):1151-1158. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.12.107. View

Shattil S, Kim C, Ginsberg M . The final steps of integrin activation: the end game. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2010; 11(4):288-300. PMC: 3929966. DOI: 10.1038/nrm2871. View

Vicidomini G, Bianchini P, Diaspro A . STED super-resolved microscopy. Nat Methods. 2018; 15(3):173-182. DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.4593. View

van Deventer S, Arp A, Spriel A . Dynamic Plasma Membrane Organization: A Complex Symphony. Trends Cell Biol. 2020; 31(2):119-129. DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.11.004. View

Richter K, Revelo N, Seitz K, Helm M, Sarkar D, Saleeb R . Glyoxal as an alternative fixative to formaldehyde in immunostaining and super-resolution microscopy. EMBO J. 2017; 37(1):139-159. PMC: 5753035. DOI: 10.15252/embj.201695709. View

Kuhn V, Diederich L, Keller 4th T, Kramer C, Luckstadt W, Panknin C . Red Blood Cell Function and Dysfunction: Redox Regulation, Nitric Oxide Metabolism, Anemia. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2016; 26(13):718-742. PMC: 5421513. DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6954. View

Moore A, Coscia S, Simpson C, Ortega F, Wait E, Heddleston J . Actin cables and comet tails organize mitochondrial networks in mitosis. Nature. 2021; 591(7851):659-664. PMC: 7990722. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03309-5. View

Di X, Wang D, Zhou J, Zhang L, Stenzel M, Su Q . Quantitatively Monitoring Mitochondrial Thermal Dynamics by Upconversion Nanoparticles. Nano Lett. 2021; 21(4):1651-1658. PMC: 7908016. DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04281. View

Eckly A, Rinckel J, Proamer F, Ulas N, Joshi S, Whiteheart S . Respective contributions of single and compound granule fusion to secretion by activated platelets. Blood. 2016; 128(21):2538-2549. PMC: 6410540. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-03-705681. View

10.

Migliori B, Datta M, Dupre C, Apak M, Asano S, Gao R . Light sheet theta microscopy for rapid high-resolution imaging of large biological samples. BMC Biol. 2018; 16(1):57. PMC: 5975440. DOI: 10.1186/s12915-018-0521-8. View

11.

Zuidscherwoude M, Gottfert F, Dunlock V, Figdor C, van den Bogaart G, Spriel A . The tetraspanin web revisited by super-resolution microscopy. Sci Rep. 2015; 5:12201. PMC: 4505338. DOI: 10.1038/srep12201. View

12.

Chen X, Zhong S, Hou Y, Cao R, Wang W, Li D . Superresolution structured illumination microscopy reconstruction algorithms: a review. Light Sci Appl. 2023; 12(1):172. PMC: 10336069. DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01204-4. View

13.

Zhang C, Jiang H, Liu W, Li J, Tang S, Juhas M . Correction of out-of-focus microscopic images by deep learning. Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 2022; 20:1957-1966. PMC: 9062264. DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.04.003. View

14.

De Niz M, Burda P, Kaiser G, Del Portillo H, Spielmann T, Frischknecht F . Progress in imaging methods: insights gained into Plasmodium biology. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2016; 15(1):37-54. DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.158. View

15.

Zwettler F, Reinhard S, Gambarotto D, Bell T, Hamel V, Guichard P . Molecular resolution imaging by post-labeling expansion single-molecule localization microscopy (Ex-SMLM). Nat Commun. 2020; 11(1):3388. PMC: 7340794. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17086-8. View

16.

Huang B, Babcock H, Zhuang X . Breaking the diffraction barrier: super-resolution imaging of cells. Cell. 2010; 143(7):1047-58. PMC: 3272504. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.12.002. View

17.

Xu X, Qiu K, Tian Z, Aryal C, Rowan F, Chen R . Probing the dynamic crosstalk of lysosomes and mitochondria with structured illumination microscopy. Trends Analyt Chem. 2023; 169. PMC: 10621629. DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117370. View

18.

Sigal Y, Zhou R, Zhuang X . Visualizing and discovering cellular structures with super-resolution microscopy. Science. 2018; 361(6405):880-887. PMC: 6535400. DOI: 10.1126/science.aau1044. View

19.

Chen Y, Ju L . Biomechanical thrombosis: the dark side of force and dawn of mechano-medicine. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2020; 5(2):185-197. PMC: 7337368. DOI: 10.1136/svn-2019-000302. View

20.

Cervi D, Yip T, Bhattacharya N, Podust V, Peterson J, Abou-Slaybi A . Platelet-associated PF-4 as a biomarker of early tumor growth. Blood. 2007; 111(3):1201-7. DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-04-084798. View