Exploring and Analyzing the Systemic Delivery Barriers for Nanoparticles

Overview

Journal Adv Funct Mater

Date 2024 Jun 3

PMID 38828467

Authors

Lin Wang

Skyler Quine

Alex N Frickenstein

Michael Lee

Wen Yang

Vinit M Sheth

Margaret D Bourlon

Yuxin He

Shanxin Lyu

Lucila Garcia-Contreras

Yan D Zhao

Stefan Wilhelm

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Most nanomedicines require efficient delivery to elicit diagnostic and therapeutic effects. However, en route to their intended tissues, systemically administered nanoparticles often encounter delivery barriers. To describe these barriers, we propose the term "nanoparticle blood removal pathways" (NBRP), which summarizes the interactions between nanoparticles and the body's various cell-dependent and cell-independent blood clearance mechanisms. We reviewed nanoparticle design and biological modulation strategies to mitigate nanoparticle-NBRP interactions. As these interactions affect nanoparticle delivery, we studied the preclinical literature from 2011-2021 and analyzed nanoparticle blood circulation and organ biodistribution data. Our findings revealed that nanoparticle surface chemistry affected the behavior more than other nanoparticle design parameters. Combinatory biological-PEG surface modification improved the blood area under the curve by ~418%, with a decrease in liver accumulation of up to 47%. A greater understanding of nanoparticle-NBRP interactions and associated delivery trends will provide new nanoparticle design and biological modulation strategies for safer, more effective, and more efficient nanomedicines.

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