Decoding the Ribosome's Hidden Language: RRNA Modifications As Key Players in Cancer Dynamics and Targeted Therapies

Overview

Journal Clin Transl Med

Publisher Wiley

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2024 May 27

PMID 38797935

Authors

Li Cui

Jiarong Zheng

Yunfan Lin

Pei Lin

Ye Lu

Yucheng Zheng

Bing Guo

Xinyuan Zhao

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) modifications, essential components of ribosome structure and function, significantly impact cellular proteomics and cancer biology. These chemical modifications transcend structural roles, critically shaping ribosome functionality and influencing cellular protein profiles. In this review, the mechanisms by which rRNA modifications regulate both rRNA functions and broader cellular physiological processes are critically discussed. Importantly, by altering the translational output, rRNA modifications can shift the cellular equilibrium towards oncogenesis, thus playing a key role in cancer development and progression. Moreover, a special focus is placed on the functions of mitochondrial rRNA modifications and their aberrant expression in cancer, an area with profound implications yet largely uncharted. Dysregulation in these modifications can lead to metabolic dysfunction and apoptosis resistance, hallmark traits of cancer cells. Furthermore, the current challenges and future perspectives in targeting rRNA modifications are highlighted as a therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. In conclusion, rRNA modifications represent a frontier in cancer research, offering novel insights and therapeutic possibilities. Understanding and harnessing these modifications can pave the way for breakthroughs in cancer treatment, potentially transforming the approach to combating this complex disease.

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