Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Derived from an Integrated Agroforestry-livestock System in Deli Serdang Regency, Indonesia

Overview

Journal Vet World

Specialty Veterinary Medicine

Date 2024 Apr 29

PMID 38680150

Authors

Rita Rosmala Dewi

Arif Nuryawan

Saleh Mohammed Jajere

Juli Mutiara Sihombing

Ika Julianti Tambunan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background And Aim: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a significant global concern. Epidemiological data do not provide a robust description of the potential risks associated with AMR in the integrated agroforestry-livestock systems in Indonesia. Thus, the present study investigated the phenotypic and multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles of strains isolated from the feces of livestock raised in the agro-silvopastoral system in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province.

Materials And Methods: A standard microbiological culture procedure was followed to isolate the organism and test antibiotic susceptibility using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion protocol. Furthermore, the multiple antibiotic resistance index was determined. Univariate analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors associated with AMR.

Results: The vast majority (77.5%) of livestock farmers were aged >30 years. All farmers were men and had no higher education (100% of them). The majority of the animal species managed were cattle and goats (37.5% each) and the livestock grazing pasture system (67.5%). In addition, the majority of farmers reported high antimicrobial use on their farms (87.5%). Of the samples (n = 142) analyzed, n = 70 were positive, with an overall prevalence of 44.4%. The species-specific prevalences of were 32.5%, 47.8%, and 50% in buffalo, goat, and cattle, respectively. Ampicillin and tetracyclines exhibited high resistance levels among the studied animal species. A relatively lower MDR for was associated with grazing on the pasture.

Conclusion: The findings from the current study provide baseline epidemiological information for future robust studies aimed at elucidating the drivers and patterns of AMR in agro-silvopastoral systems in the study area or elsewhere.

References

Vidovic N, Vidovic S . Antimicrobial Resistance and Food Animals: Influence of Livestock Environment on the Emergence and Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020; 9(2). PMC: 7168261. DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9020052. View

Ramos S, Silva V, Dapkevicius M, Canica M, Tejedor-Junco M, Igrejas G . as Commensal and Pathogenic Bacteria Among Food-Producing Animals: Health Implications of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) Production. Animals (Basel). 2020; 10(12). PMC: 7761174. DOI: 10.3390/ani10122239. View

Valiakos G, Kapna I . Colistin Resistant Genes Prevalence in Livestock Animals (Swine, Bovine, Poultry) from a Multinational Perspective. A Systematic Review. Vet Sci. 2021; 8(11). PMC: 8619609. DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8110265. View

Mulchandani R, Wang Y, Gilbert M, Van Boeckel T . Global trends in antimicrobial use in food-producing animals: 2020 to 2030. PLOS Glob Public Health. 2023; 3(2):e0001305. PMC: 10021213. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001305. View

Murray A, Zhang L, Snape J, Gaze W . Comparing the selective and co-selective effects of different antimicrobials in bacterial communities. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2019; 53(6):767-773. PMC: 6546120. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.03.001. View

Agatha T, Wibawati P, Izulhaq R, Agustono B, Prastiya R, Wardhana D . Antibiotic resistance of from the milk of Ettawa crossbred dairy goats in Blitar Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Vet World. 2023; 16(1):168-174. PMC: 9967718. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.168-174. View

Bamunusinghage N, Neelawala R, Magedara H, Ekanayaka N, Kalupahana R, Silva-Fletcher A . Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Fecal Escherichia coli in Wildlife, Urban Wildlife, and Livestock in the Eastern Region of Sri Lanka, and Differences between Carnivores, Omnivores, and Herbivores. J Wildl Dis. 2022; 58(2):380-383. DOI: 10.7589/JWD-D-21-00048. View

Morris C, Wickramasingha D, Abdelfattah E, Pereira R, Okello E, Maier G . Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in fecal and spp. isolates from beef cow-calf operations in northern California and associations with farm practices. Front Microbiol. 2023; 14:1086203. PMC: 9996069. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1086203. View

Chopra I, Roberts M . Tetracycline antibiotics: mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2001; 65(2):232-60 ; second page, table of contents. PMC: 99026. DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.65.2.232-260.2001. View

10.

Brunauer M, Roch F, Conrady B . Prevalence of Worldwide Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea Caused by Bovine Rotavirus in Combination with Bovine Coronavirus, K99 and spp.: A Meta-Analysis. Animals (Basel). 2021; 11(4). PMC: 8066230. DOI: 10.3390/ani11041014. View

11.

Markland S, Weppelmann T, Ma Z, Lee S, Mir R, Teng L . High Prevalence of Cefotaxime Resistant Bacteria in Grazing Beef Cattle: A Cross Sectional Study. Front Microbiol. 2019; 10:176. PMC: 6374349. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00176. View

12.

Rousham E, Unicomb L, Islam M . Human, animal and environmental contributors to antibiotic resistance in low-resource settings: integrating behavioural, epidemiological and One Health approaches. Proc Biol Sci. 2018; 285(1876). PMC: 5904322. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.0332. View

13.

Alemu Gemeda B, Wieland B, Alemayehu G, Knight-Jones T, Wodajo H, Tefera M . Antimicrobial Resistance of Isolates from Livestock and the Environment in Extensive Smallholder Livestock Production Systems in Ethiopia. Antibiotics (Basel). 2023; 12(5). PMC: 10215241. DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050941. View

14.

Koutsoumanis K, Allende A, Alvarez-Ordonez A, Bolton D, Bover-Cid S, Chemaly M . Role played by the environment in the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through the food chain. EFSA J. 2021; 19(6):e06651. PMC: 8210462. DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6651. View

15.

Manishimwe R, Moncada P, Musanayire V, Shyaka A, Scott H, Loneragan G . Antibiotic-Resistant and from the Feces of Food Animals in the East Province of Rwanda. Animals (Basel). 2021; 11(4). PMC: 8067188. DOI: 10.3390/ani11041013. View

16.

Coyne L, Arief R, Benigno C, Giang V, Huong L, Jeamsripong S . Characterizing Antimicrobial Use in the Livestock Sector in Three South East Asian Countries (Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam). Antibiotics (Basel). 2019; 8(1). PMC: 6466601. DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8010033. View

17.

Mercat M, Clermont O, Massot M, Ruppe E, De Garine-Wichatitsky M, Miguel E . Escherichia coli Population Structure and Antibiotic Resistance at a Buffalo/Cattle Interface in Southern Africa. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015; 82(5):1459-1467. PMC: 4771322. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.03771-15. View

18.

Bengtsson B, Greko C . Antibiotic resistance--consequences for animal health, welfare, and food production. Ups J Med Sci. 2014; 119(2):96-102. PMC: 4034566. DOI: 10.3109/03009734.2014.901445. View

19.

Manyi-Loh C, Mamphweli S, Meyer E, Okoh A . Antibiotic Use in Agriculture and Its Consequential Resistance in Environmental Sources: Potential Public Health Implications. Molecules. 2018; 23(4). PMC: 6017557. DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040795. View

20.

Lim C, Takahashi E, Hongsuwan M, Wuthiekanun V, Thamlikitkul V, Hinjoy S . Epidemiology and burden of multidrug-resistant bacterial infection in a developing country. Elife. 2016; 5. PMC: 5030096. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.18082. View