DNA Repair in Nucleosomes: Insights from Histone Modifications and Mutants

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2024 Apr 27

PMID 38673978

Authors

Kathiresan Selvam

John J Wyrick

Michael A Parra

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

DNA repair pathways play a critical role in genome stability, but in eukaryotic cells, they must operate to repair DNA lesions in the compact and tangled environment of chromatin. Previous studies have shown that the packaging of DNA into nucleosomes, which form the basic building block of chromatin, has a profound impact on DNA repair. In this review, we discuss the principles and mechanisms governing DNA repair in chromatin. We focus on the role of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) in repair, as well as the molecular mechanisms by which histone mutants affect cellular sensitivity to DNA damage agents and repair activity in chromatin. Importantly, these mechanisms are thought to significantly impact somatic mutation rates in human cancers and potentially contribute to carcinogenesis and other human diseases. For example, a number of the histone mutants studied primarily in yeast have been identified as candidate oncohistone mutations in different cancers. This review highlights these connections and discusses the potential importance of DNA repair in chromatin to human health.

Citing Articles

Ultraviolet damage and repair maps in reveal the impact of domain-specific changes in nucleosome repeat length on repair efficiency.

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PMID: 39762049 PMC: 11874968. DOI: 10.1101/gr.279605.124.

How Histone Acetyltransferases Shape Plant Photomorphogenesis and UV Response.

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