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Novel Spore-forming Species Exhibiting Intrinsic Resistance to Third- and Fourth-generation Cephalosporins and Description of Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov

Abstract

Importance: The significance of this research extends to understanding microbial survival and adaptation in oligotrophic environments, such as those found in SAF. Whole-genome sequencing of several strains isolated from Mars 2020 mission assembly cleanroom facilities, including the discovery of the novel species , highlights the resilience and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinically relevant antibiotic classes of microbes in nutrient-scarce settings. The study also redefines the taxonomic classifications within the family, aligning genetic identities with phylogenetic data. Investigating ARG and virulence factors (VF) across these strains illuminates the microbial capability for resistance under resource-limited conditions while emphasizing the role of human-associated VF in microbial survival, informing sterilization practices and microbial management in similar oligotrophic settings beyond spacecraft assembly cleanrooms such as pharmaceutical and medical industry cleanrooms.

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