Transformation of Tea Plants ( (L.) ): A Small Experiment with Great Prospects

Overview

Journal Plants (Basel)

Date 2024 Mar 13

PMID 38475520

Authors

Anastasia Fizikova

Elena Subcheva

Nikolay Kozlov

Varvara Tvorogova

Lidia Samarina

Ludmila Lutova

Elena Khlestkina

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Tea has historically been one of the most popular beverages, and it is currently an economically significant crop cultivated in over 50 countries. The Northwestern Caucasus is one of the northernmost regions for industrial tea cultivation worldwide. The domestication of the tea plant in this region took approximately 150 years, during which plantations spreading from the Ozurgeti region in northern Georgia to the southern city of Maykop in Russia. Consequently, tea plantations in the Northern Caucasus can serve as a source of unique genotypes with exceptional cold tolerance. Tea plants are known to be recalcitrant to -mediated transfection. Research into optimal transfection and regeneration methodologies, as well as the identification of tea varieties with enhanced transformation efficiency, is an advanced strategy for improving tea plant culture. The aim of this study was to search for the optimal -mediated transfection protocol for the Kolkhida tea variety. As a result of optimizing the transfection medium with potassium phosphate buffer at the stages of pre-inoculation, inoculation and co-cultivation, the restoration of normal morphology and improvement in the attachment of cells to the surface of tea explants were observed by scanning electron microscopy. And an effective method of high-efficiency -mediated transfection of the best local tea cultivar, Kolkhida, was demonstrated for the first time.

References

Nitsch J, Nitsch C . Haploid plants from pollen grains. Science. 1969; 163(3862):85-7. DOI: 10.1126/science.163.3862.85. View

Hecht V, Hartog M, Schmidt E, Boutilier K, Grossniklaus U, de Vries S . The Arabidopsis SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE 1 gene is expressed in developing ovules and embryos and enhances embryogenic competence in culture. Plant Physiol. 2001; 127(3):803-16. PMC: 129253. View

Xia E, Tong W, Wu Q, Wei S, Zhao J, Zhang Z . Tea plant genomics: achievements, challenges and perspectives. Hortic Res. 2020; 7:7. PMC: 6938499. DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0225-4. View

Klimaszewska K, Pelletier G, Overton C, Stewart D, Rutledge R . Hormonally regulated overexpression of Arabidopsis WUS and conifer LEC1 (CHAP3A) in transgenic white spruce: implications for somatic embryo development and somatic seedling growth. Plant Cell Rep. 2010; 29(7):723-34. DOI: 10.1007/s00299-010-0859-z. View

Engler C, Youles M, Gruetzner R, Ehnert T, Werner S, Jones J . A golden gate modular cloning toolbox for plants. ACS Synth Biol. 2014; 3(11):839-43. DOI: 10.1021/sb4001504. View

Li H, Wu H, Song K, Zhao H, Tang X, Zhang X . Transcriptome analysis revealed enrichment pathways and regulation of gene expression associated with somatic embryogenesis in Camellia sinensis. Sci Rep. 2023; 13(1):15946. PMC: 10518320. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43355-9. View

Baba A, Valkai I, Labhane N, Koczka L, Andrasi N, Klement E . CRK5 Protein Kinase Contributes to the Progression of Embryogenesis of . Int J Mol Sci. 2019; 20(24). PMC: 6941128. DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246120. View

Sandal I, Saini U, Lacroix B, Bhattacharya A, Ahuja P, Citovsky V . Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of tea leaf explants: effects of counteracting bactericidity of leaf polyphenols without loss of bacterial virulence. Plant Cell Rep. 2006; 26(2):169-76. DOI: 10.1007/s00299-006-0211-9. View

Singla B, Khurana J, Khurana P . Structural characterization and expression analysis of the SERK/SERL gene family in rice (Oryza sativa). Int J Plant Genomics. 2009; 2009:539402. PMC: 2742738. DOI: 10.1155/2009/539402. View

10.

Schneider C, Rasband W, Eliceiri K . NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis. Nat Methods. 2012; 9(7):671-5. PMC: 5554542. DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2089. View

11.

Anand A, Bass S, Wu E, Wang N, McBride K, Annaluru N . An improved ternary vector system for Agrobacterium-mediated rapid maize transformation. Plant Mol Biol. 2018; 97(1-2):187-200. PMC: 5945794. DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-0732-y. View

12.

Wachira F, Ogada J . In vitro regeneration of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze by somatic embryogenesis. Plant Cell Rep. 2013; 14(7):463-6. DOI: 10.1007/BF00234056. View

13.

Mohanpuria P, Kumar V, Ahuja P, Yadav S . Agrobacterium-mediated silencing of caffeine synthesis through root transformation in Camellia sinensis L. Mol Biotechnol. 2010; 48(3):235-43. DOI: 10.1007/s12033-010-9364-4. View

14.

Holsters M, De Waele D, Depicker A, Messens E, Van Montagu M, Schell J . Transfection and transformation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Mol Gen Genet. 1978; 163(2):181-7. DOI: 10.1007/BF00267408. View

15.

Konagaya K, Nanasato Y, Taniguchi T . A protocol for -mediated transformation of Japanese cedar, Sugi ( D. Don) using embryogenic tissue explants. Plant Biotechnol (Tokyo). 2020; 37(2):147-156. PMC: 7434679. DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.20.0131a. View

16.

Zupan J, Guo Z, Biddle T, Zambryski P . Agrobacterium tumefaciens Growth Pole Ring Protein: C Terminus and Internal Apolipoprotein Homologous Domains Are Essential for Function and Subcellular Localization. mBio. 2021; 12(3). PMC: 8262873. DOI: 10.1128/mBio.00764-21. View

17.

Weber E, Engler C, Gruetzner R, Werner S, Marillonnet S . A modular cloning system for standardized assembly of multigene constructs. PLoS One. 2011; 6(2):e16765. PMC: 3041749. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016765. View

18.

Nolan K, Irwanto R, Rose R . Auxin up-regulates MtSERK1 expression in both Medicago truncatula root-forming and embryogenic cultures. Plant Physiol. 2003; 133(1):218-30. PMC: 196599. DOI: 10.1104/pp.103.020917. View

19.

Alagarsamy K, Shamala L, Wei S . Protocol: high-efficiency --mediated transgenic hairy root induction of var. . Plant Methods. 2018; 14:17. PMC: 5824481. DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0285-8. View

20.

He Y, Zhang T, Sun H, Zhan H, Zhao Y . A reporter for noninvasively monitoring gene expression and plant transformation. Hortic Res. 2020; 7(1):152. PMC: 7502077. DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00390-1. View