Ammonium Release in Synthetic and Human Urine by a Urease Immobilized Nanoconstruct

Overview

Journal RSC Adv

Publisher Royal Society of Chemistry

Specialty Chemistry

Date 2024 Feb 28

PMID 38414993

Authors

Manab Diasi

Rinki Singh

Amarjyoti Das Mahapatra

Renuka L

Hitarth Patel

Hasit Ganatra

Bhaskar Datta

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In this work, we have studied the ability of urease immobilized on glutaraldehyde crosslinked chitosan coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Urease/GA/CS/MIONPs), for the hitherto unreported comparative hydrolysis of urea in synthetic (SUr) and real human urine (HUr). The prepared Urease/GA/CS/MIONPs were characterized by a combination of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission-scanning-electron-microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The nanoconstructs display the highest ammonium ion liberation post-urea hydrolysis in 1/20 or 1/24-fold dilutions of SUr and HUr, respectively. The optimum activity of immobilized urease is observed at pH 7, and the nanoconstructs facilitate efficient urea-hydrolysis till at least 45 °C. Kinetic analysis of the immobilized urease shows and of 14.81 mM, 12.36 mM, and 18.55 μM min and 10.10 μM min, towards SUr and HUr, respectively. The magnetization of the immobilized urease is suitable for reuse across multiple cycles of urea hydrolysis in SUr and HUr. The robust performance of Urease/GA/CS/MIONPs in SUr and HUr is promising for generating ammonium as a useable source of nitrogen from human urine, and underscores the suitability of SUr as a urine mimic for such interventions.

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