Psychological Predictors of Adherence to Lifestyle Changes After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review

Overview

Journal Obes Sci Pract

Date 2024 Feb 26

PMID 38404933

Authors

Jade K Y Chan

Lenny R Vartanian

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: Adherence to lifestyle changes after bariatric surgery is associated with better health outcomes; however, research suggests that patients struggle to follow post-operative recommendations. This systematic review aimed to examine psychological factors associated with adherence after bariatric surgery.

Methods: PubMed, PsycInfo, and Embase were searched (from earliest searchable to August 2022) to identify studies that reported on clinically modifiable psychological factors related to adherence after bariatric surgery. Retrieved abstracts ( = 891) were screened and coded by two raters.

Results: A total of 32 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the narrative synthesis. Appointment attendance and dietary recommendations were the most frequently studied post-operative instructions. Higher self-efficacy was consistently predictive of better post-operative adherence to diet and physical activity, while pre-operative depressive symptoms were commonly associated with poorer adherence to appointments, diet, and physical activity. Findings were less inconsistent for anxiety and other psychiatric conditions.

Conclusions: This systematic review identified that psychological factors such as mood disorders and patients' beliefs/attitudes are associated with adherence to lifestyle changes after bariatric surgery. These factors can be addressed with psychological interventions; therefore, they are important to consider in patient care after bariatric surgery. Future research should further examine psychological predictors of adherence with the aim of informing interventions to support recommended lifestyle changes.

Citing Articles

Psychological predictors of adherence to lifestyle changes after bariatric surgery: A systematic review.

Chan J, Vartanian L Obes Sci Pract. 2024; 10(1):e741.

PMID: 38404933 PMC: 10893879. DOI: 10.1002/osp4.741.

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