Small Extracellular Vesicles and Oxidative Pathophysiological Mechanisms in Retinal Degenerative Diseases

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2024 Feb 10

PMID 38338894

Authors

Francisco J Romero

Manuel Diaz-Llopis

M Inmaculada Romero-Gomez

Maria Miranda

Rebeca Romero-Wenz

Javier Sancho-Pelluz

Belen Romero

Maria Muriach

Jorge M Barcia

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

This review focuses on the role of small extracellular vesicles in the pathophysiological mechanisms of retinal degenerative diseases. Many of these mechanisms are related to or modulated by the oxidative burden of retinal cells. It has been recently demonstrated that cellular communication in the retina involves extracellular vesicles and that their rate of release and cargo features might be affected by the cellular environment, and in some instances, they might also be mediated by autophagy. The fate of these vesicles is diverse: they could end up in circulation being used as markers, or target neighbor cells modulating gene and protein expression, or eventually, in angiogenesis. Neovascularization in the retina promotes vision loss in diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. The importance of micro RNAs, either as small extracellular vesicles' cargo or free circulating, in the regulation of retinal angiogenesis is also discussed.

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