Patients Treated by Magnetic Growing Rods for Early-onset Scoliosis Reach the Expected Average Growth

Overview

Journal Spine Deform

Publisher Springer Nature

Date 2024 Feb 9

PMID 38334902

Authors

Sergio De Salvatore

Leonardo Oggiano

Sergio Sessa

Cloe Curri

Caterina Fumo

Pier Francesco Costici

Laura Ruzzini

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: Magnetic controlled growing rods (MCGRs) are one of the most common procedures to treat early-onset scoliosis (EOS). One of the major concerns is that patients treated with MGCR do not reach an adequate height with MGCR. The present study has one of the largest sample sizes of EOS patients treated by MGCR. This study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of the treatment with MGCR in EOS patients, comparing our results with the estimated growth.

Methods: Patients were consecutively enrolled from July 2011 to July 2022. The same surgical equipe performed all the procedures. The mean length of the patients was assessed by X-ray (T2-T12 and T2-S1 distance) by a team of expert radiologists. The estimated growth by Dimeglio was compared with the mean elongation obtained by year.

Results: 65 patients were included. 16 patients underwent final surgery. In group 1, patients reached a growth of 3.6 ± 8.7 mm (T2-T12) and 9.6 ± 27.6 mm (T2-S1). In group 2, patients grew 5.4 ± 5.7 mm (T2-T12) and 9 ± 9 mm (T2-S1).81% of the estimated elongation during the treatment was obtained during the first surgery. The difference between Dimeglio's estimated growth and the value obtained by MGCR was -4.3 ± 8.7 mm(T2-T12) and -12.3 ± 12.2 mm (T2-S1) in group 1 (p < 0.001) and -1.1 ± 4.2 mm (T2-T12) and -6.6 ± 6.0 mm (T2-S1) in group 2 (p = 0.001).

Conclusions: MGCR patients reached and overlapped the growth target according to the score by Dimeglio. However, the value of growth tended to reduce over the years. Lastly, obtaining the most significant elongation possible at the first surgery is mandatory, comprising 81% of the total value.

Citing Articles

Pelvic Fixation for Non-Ambulatory Patients with Neuromuscular Scoliosis Treated with Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods-A 4-Year Comparison of Two Different Fixation Methods.

Heuer A, Stuecker S, Stuecker R, Mladenov K J Clin Med. 2024; 13(13).

PMID: 38999412 PMC: 11242402. DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133845.

References

De Salvatore S, Ruzzini L, Longo U, Marino M, Greco A, Piergentili I . Exploring the association between specific genes and the onset of idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review. BMC Med Genomics. 2022; 15(1):115. PMC: 9118580. DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01272-2. View

Karol L, Johnston C, Mladenov K, Schochet P, Walters P, Browne R . Pulmonary function following early thoracic fusion in non-neuromuscular scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008; 90(6):1272-81. DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.G.00184. View

Bess S, Akbarnia B, Thompson G, Sponseller P, Shah S, El Sebaie H . Complications of growing-rod treatment for early-onset scoliosis: analysis of one hundred and forty patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010; 92(15):2533-43. DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01471. View

Block A, Tamburini L, Zeng F, Mancini M, Jackson C, Antonacci C . Surgical Treatment of Pediatric Scoliosis: Historical Origins and Review of Current Techniques. Bioengineering (Basel). 2022; 9(10). PMC: 9598649. DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100600. View

Rushton P, Smith S, Fender D, Bowey A, Gibson M, Joyce T . Metallosis is commonly associated with magnetically controlled growing rods; results from an independent multicentre explant database. Eur Spine J. 2021; 30(7):1905-1911. DOI: 10.1007/s00586-021-06750-2. View

Tsirikos A, Roberts S . Magnetic Controlled Growth Rods in the Treatment of Scoliosis: Safety, Efficacy and Patient Selection. Med Devices (Auckl). 2020; 13:75-85. PMC: 7085947. DOI: 10.2147/MDER.S198176. View

Dimeglio A, Canavese F . The growing spine: how spinal deformities influence normal spine and thoracic cage growth. Eur Spine J. 2011; 21(1):64-70. PMC: 3252439. DOI: 10.1007/s00586-011-1983-3. View

Klyce W, Mitchell S, Pawelek J, Skaggs D, Sanders J, Shah S . Characterizing Use of Growth-friendly Implants for Early-onset Scoliosis: A 10-Year Update. J Pediatr Orthop. 2020; 40(8):e740-e746. DOI: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000001594. View

Migliorini F, Chiu W, Scrofani R, Chiu W, Baroncini A, Iaconetta G . Magnetically controlled growing rods in the management of early onset scoliosis: a systematic review. J Orthop Surg Res. 2022; 17(1):309. PMC: 9188689. DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03200-7. View

10.

Vandenbroucke J, von Elm E, Altman D, Gotzsche P, Mulrow C, Pocock S . Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 2007; 4(10):e297. PMC: 2020496. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0040297. View

11.

Thakar C, Kieser D, Mardare M, Haleem S, Fairbank J, Nnadi C . Systematic review of the complications associated with magnetically controlled growing rods for the treatment of early onset scoliosis. Eur Spine J. 2018; 27(9):2062-2071. DOI: 10.1007/s00586-018-5590-4. View

12.

Hickey B, Towriss C, Baxter G, Yasso S, James S, Jones A . Early experience of MAGEC magnetic growing rods in the treatment of early onset scoliosis. Eur Spine J. 2014; 23 Suppl 1:S61-5. PMC: 3946097. DOI: 10.1007/s00586-013-3163-0. View

13.

Akbarnia B, Mundis G . Magnetically controlled growing rods in early onset scoliosis : Indications, timing and treatment. Orthopade. 2019; 48(6):477-485. DOI: 10.1007/s00132-019-03755-0. View

14.

Helenius I . Standard and magnetically controlled growing rods for the treatment of early onset scoliosis. Ann Transl Med. 2020; 8(2):26. PMC: 6995915. DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.09.72. View

15.

Yilgor C, Efendiyev A, Akbiyik F, Demirkiran G, Senkoylu A, Alanay A . Metal Ion Release During Growth-Friendly Instrumentation for Early-Onset Scoliosis: A Preliminary Study. Spine Deform. 2017; 6(1):48-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.jspd.2017.06.005. View

16.

Ekman E, Laaksonen I, Eskelinen A, Pulkkinen P, Pukkala E, Makela K . Midterm risk of cancer with metal-on-metal hip replacements not increased in a Finnish population. Acta Orthop. 2018; 89(5):575-579. PMC: 6202763. DOI: 10.1080/17453674.2018.1487202. View

17.

Oggiano L, De Salvatore S, Sessa S, Curri C, Costici P, Ruzzini L . Ultrasonographic assessment of magnetic growing rods overestimates the lengthening of the thoracic spine compared to radiographs in early-onset scoliotic patients. Int Orthop. 2023; 48(6):1579-1587. DOI: 10.1007/s00264-023-06027-x. View