Zika Virus Infection During Pregnancy and Vertical Transmission: Case Reports and Peptide-specific Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview

Journal Arch Virol

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2024 Jan 19

PMID 38243006

Authors

Stephanie Hindle

Agnes Depatureaux

Samuel Fortin-Dion

Hinatea Dieumegard

Christian Renaud

Christian Therrien

Catherine Fallet-Bianco

Valerie Lamarre

Hugo Soudeyns

Isabelle Boucoiran

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in pregnant women is associated with birth defects, which are more prevalent and severe the earlier in pregnancy the infection occurs. Pregnant women at risk of possible ZIKV exposure (n = 154) were screened using ELISA for ZIKV IgM and IgG. Nine of 154 (5.84%) pregnant women who underwent screening exhibited positive ZIKV serology. Of these, two maternal infections were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR and five were considered probable, but only three of those were retained for further analysis based on strict diagnostic criteria. Plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT) confirmed ZIKV infection in nine cases (5.84%). Two cases of vertical ZIKV transmission were confirmed by PCR. One infant showed no signs of congenital ZIKV syndrome and had a normal developmental profile despite first-trimester maternal infection. In the second case, pregnancy was terminated. Production of interferon γ (IFN-γ) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from pregnant women and umbilical cord blood was measured using enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISpot) after stimulation with panels of synthetic peptides derived from the sequence of ZIKV proteins. This analysis revealed that, among all peptide pools tested, those derived from the ZIKV envelope protein generated the strongest IFN-γ response.

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