Pax7 Reporter Mouse Models: a Pocket Guide for Satellite Cell Research

Overview

Journal Eur J Transl Myol

Publisher PagePress

Date 2023 Dec 19

PMID 38112596

Authors

Huascar Pedro Ortuste Quiroga

Shin Fujimaki

Yusuke Ono

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Since their discovery, satellite cells have showcased their need as primary contributors to skeletal muscle maintenance and repair. Satellite cells lay dormant, but when needed, activate, differentiate, fuse to fibres and self-renew, that has bestowed satellite cells with the title of muscle stem cells. The satellite cell specific transcription factor Pax7 has enabled researchers to develop animal models against the Pax7 locus in order to isolate and characterise satellite cell-mediated events. This review focuses specifically on describing Pax7 reporter mouse models. Here we describe how each model was generated and the key findings obtained. The strengths and limitations of each model are also discussed. The aim is to provide new and current satellite cell enthusiasts with a basic understanding of the available Pax7 reporter mice and hopefully guide selection of the most appropriate Pax7 model to answer a specific research question.

Citing Articles

Beyond the bulk: overview and novel insights into the dynamics of muscle satellite cells during muscle regeneration.

Byun W, Lee J, Baek J Inflamm Regen. 2024; 44(1):39.

PMID: 39327631 PMC: 11426090. DOI: 10.1186/s41232-024-00354-1.

References

Zammit P . All muscle satellite cells are equal, but are some more equal than others?. J Cell Sci. 2008; 121(Pt 18):2975-82. DOI: 10.1242/jcs.019661. View

Rodriguez-Outeirino L, Hernandez-Torres F, Ramirez-de Acuna F, Matias-Valiente L, Sanchez-Fernandez C, Franco D . Muscle Satellite Cell Heterogeneity: Does Embryonic Origin Matter?. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021; 9:750534. PMC: 8554119. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.750534. View

Kitajima Y, Ono Y . Visualization of PAX7 protein dynamics in muscle satellite cells in a YFP knock-in-mouse line. Skelet Muscle. 2018; 8(1):26. PMC: 6108100. DOI: 10.1186/s13395-018-0174-x. View

Le Grand F, Rudnicki M . Skeletal muscle satellite cells and adult myogenesis. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2007; 19(6):628-33. PMC: 2215059. DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2007.09.012. View

Mizuguchi H, Xu Z, Uchida E, Hayakawa T . IRES-dependent second gene expression is significantly lower than cap-dependent first gene expression in a bicistronic vector. Mol Ther. 2000; 1(4):376-82. DOI: 10.1006/mthe.2000.0050. View

Machado L, de Lima J, Fabre O, Proux C, Legendre R, Szegedi A . In Situ Fixation Redefines Quiescence and Early Activation of Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells. Cell Rep. 2017; 21(7):1982-1993. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.080. View

Kuang S, Kuroda K, Le Grand F, Rudnicki M . Asymmetric self-renewal and commitment of satellite stem cells in muscle. Cell. 2007; 129(5):999-1010. PMC: 2718740. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.03.044. View

Lepper C, Conway S, Fan C . Adult satellite cells and embryonic muscle progenitors have distinct genetic requirements. Nature. 2009; 460(7255):627-31. PMC: 2767162. DOI: 10.1038/nature08209. View

Ganassi M, Badodi S, Ortuste Quiroga H, Zammit P, Hinits Y, Hughes S . Myogenin promotes myocyte fusion to balance fibre number and size. Nat Commun. 2018; 9(1):4232. PMC: 6185967. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06583-6. View

10.

Mademtzoglou D, Geara P, Mourikis P, Relaix F . Pax7 haploinsufficiency impairs muscle stem cell function in Cre-recombinase mice and underscores the importance of appropriate controls. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2023; 14(1):294. PMC: 10576335. DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03506-1. View

11.

van Putten M, Lloyd E, de Greef J, Raz V, Willmann R, Grounds M . Mouse models for muscular dystrophies: an overview. Dis Model Mech. 2020; 13(2). PMC: 7044454. DOI: 10.1242/dmm.043562. View

12.

Zammit P . Function of the myogenic regulatory factors Myf5, MyoD, Myogenin and MRF4 in skeletal muscle, satellite cells and regenerative myogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2017; 72:19-32. DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.11.011. View

13.

Tichy E, Sidibe D, Greer C, Oyster N, Rompolas P, Rosenthal N . A robust Pax7EGFP mouse that enables the visualization of dynamic behaviors of muscle stem cells. Skelet Muscle. 2018; 8(1):27. PMC: 6107960. DOI: 10.1186/s13395-018-0169-7. View

14.

Maesner C, Almada A, Wagers A . Established cell surface markers efficiently isolate highly overlapping populations of skeletal muscle satellite cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Skelet Muscle. 2016; 6:35. PMC: 5100091. DOI: 10.1186/s13395-016-0106-6. View

15.

Bouabe H, Okkenhaug K . Gene targeting in mice: a review. Methods Mol Biol. 2013; 1064:315-36. PMC: 4524968. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-601-6_23. View

16.

Mauro A . Satellite cell of skeletal muscle fibers. J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1961; 9:493-5. PMC: 2225012. DOI: 10.1083/jcb.9.2.493. View

17.

Seale P, Sabourin L, Girgis-Gabardo A, Mansouri A, Gruss P, Rudnicki M . Pax7 is required for the specification of myogenic satellite cells. Cell. 2000; 102(6):777-86. DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)00066-0. View

18.

Richter J, Sonenberg N . Regulation of cap-dependent translation by eIF4E inhibitory proteins. Nature. 2005; 433(7025):477-80. DOI: 10.1038/nature03205. View

19.

Ibrahimi A, Velde G, Reumers V, Toelen J, Thiry I, Vandeputte C . Highly efficient multicistronic lentiviral vectors with peptide 2A sequences. Hum Gene Ther. 2009; 20(8):845-60. DOI: 10.1089/hum.2008.188. View

20.

Janssen I, Heymsfield S, Wang Z, Ross R . Skeletal muscle mass and distribution in 468 men and women aged 18-88 yr. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2000; 89(1):81-8. DOI: 10.1152/jappl.2000.89.1.81. View