Muscle Satellite Cell Heterogeneity: Does Embryonic Origin Matter?

Overview

Journal Front Cell Dev Biol

Specialty Cell Biology

Date 2021 Nov 1

PMID 34722534

Citations 13

Authors

Lara Rodriguez-Outeirino

Francisco Hernandez-Torres

F Ramirez-de Acuna

Lidia Matias-Valiente

Cristina Sanchez-Fernandez

Diego Franco

Amelia Eva Aranega

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Muscle regeneration is an important homeostatic process of adult skeletal muscle that recapitulates many aspects of embryonic myogenesis. Satellite cells (SCs) are the main muscle stem cells responsible for skeletal muscle regeneration. SCs reside between the myofiber basal lamina and the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber in a quiescent state. However, in response to physiological stimuli or muscle trauma, activated SCs transiently re-enter the cell cycle to proliferate and subsequently exit the cell cycle to differentiate or self-renew. Recent evidence has stated that SCs display functional heterogeneity linked to regenerative capability with an undifferentiated subgroup that is more prone to self-renewal, as well as committed progenitor cells ready for myogenic differentiation. Several lineage tracing studies suggest that such SC heterogeneity could be associated with different embryonic origins. Although it has been established that SCs are derived from the central dermomyotome, how a small subpopulation of the SCs progeny maintain their stem cell identity while most progress through the myogenic program to construct myofibers is not well understood. In this review, we synthesize the works supporting the different developmental origins of SCs as the genesis of their functional heterogeneity.

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