Negative Impact of Immunoparesis in Response to Anti-SARS-CoV-2 MRNA Vaccination of Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Overview

Journal Int J Hematol

Specialty Hematology

Date 2023 Dec 11

PMID 38082201

Authors

Akio Onishi

Yayoi Matsumura-Kimoto

Shinsuke Mizutani

Reiko Isa

Takahiro Fujino

Taku Tsukamoto

Akihiro Miyashita

Keita Okumura

Daichi Nishiyama

Koichi Hirakawa

Kazuho Shimura

Hiroto Kaneko

Miki Kiyota

Eri Kawata

Ryoichi Takahashi

Tsutomu Kobayashi

Hitoji Uchiyama

Nobuhiko Uoshima

Yoko Nukui

Yuji Shimura

Tohru Inaba

Junya Kuroda

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Multiple myeloma reduces cellular and humoral immunity. Optimal prediction of antibody response to anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine in patients with MM and related disorders is essential to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This study analyzed the humoral response to the anti-SARS-CoV-2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine and its associated factor in 83 patients from June to November 2021 at seven member institutions of the Kyoto Clinical Hematology Study Group. SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody (nAb) was measured from 12 to 210 days. The result revealed that 40 (48.2%) patients with MM and 59 (100%) healthy controls became seropositive after vaccination. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified serum immunoglobulin (Ig) M of > 18 mg/dL at vaccination as the optimal threshold level associated with seropositivity in the whole cohort. Moreover, the multivariate analysis identified serum IgM of > 18 mg/dL as the independent predictor for a favorable response. Serum IgA level was positively associated with vaccine response in a sub-cohort. Our findings indicate a significant association between immunoparesis and impaired humoral response against mRNA vaccination, including that against SARS-CoV-2, and that serum non-M-protein Ig levels can serve as surrogate biomarkers of nAb production ability.

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