Sequential Vaccinations with Divergent H1N1 Influenza Virus Strains Induce Multi-H1 Clade Neutralizing Antibodies in Swine

Overview

Journal Nat Commun

Specialty Biology

Date 2023 Nov 26

PMID 38008801

Authors

Kristien Van Reeth

Anna Parys

Jose Carlos Mancera Gracia

Ivan Trus

Koen Chiers

Philip Meade

Sean Liu

Peter Palese

Florian Krammer

Elien Vandoorn

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Vaccines that protect against any H1N1 influenza A virus strain would be advantageous for use in pigs and humans. Here, we try to induce a pan-H1N1 antibody response in pigs by sequential vaccination with antigenically divergent H1N1 strains. Adjuvanted whole inactivated vaccines are given intramuscularly in various two- and three-dose regimens. Three doses of heterologous monovalent H1N1 vaccine result in seroprotective neutralizing antibodies against 71% of a diverse panel of human and swine H1 strains, detectable antibodies against 88% of strains, and sterile cross-clade immunity against two heterologous challenge strains. This strategy outperforms any two-dose regimen and is as good or better than giving three doses of matched trivalent vaccine. Neutralizing antibodies are H1-specific, and the second heterologous booster enhances reactivity with conserved epitopes in the HA head. We show that even the most traditional influenza vaccines can offer surprisingly broad protection if they are administered in an alternative way.

Citing Articles

Multiplexed Antibody Sequencing and Profiling of the Human Hemagglutinin-specific Memory B Cell Response following Influenza Vaccination.

Raju N, Kramer K, Cavallaro M, Diotti R, Shiakolas A, Campos Mota Y J Immunol. 2024; 213(11):1605-1619.

PMID: 39441352 PMC: 11573632. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2400326.

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