The Re-emerging Role of Linoleic Acid in Paediatric Asthma

Overview

Journal Eur Respir Rev

Specialty Pulmonary Medicine

Date 2023 Nov 1

PMID 37914192

Authors

Sarah Naughten

Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah

Gailan Constantino

Alessandro Quaranta

Keriann Schulkers Escalante

Shiyu Bai-Tong

Jack Gilbert

Sandra Leibel

Craig E Wheelock

Sydney Leibel

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Asthma is the most common chronic disease within the paediatric population. Although it is multifactorial, its onset may be linked to early-life exposures with subsequent impact on immune system development. Microbial and dietary metabolic products have been implicated in the development and exacerbation of paediatric asthma. Linoleic acid is the most common omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the Western diet. In this review, we summarise the literature regarding the involvement of linoleic acid in the development of and its impact on existing paediatric asthma. First, we summarise the existing knowledge surrounding the relationship between human microbial metabolism and allergic diseases in children. Next, we examine cellular or animal model-based mechanistic studies that investigated the impact of dietary- and microbial-derived linoleic acid metabolites on asthma. Finally, we review the literature investigating the impact of linoleic acid metabolites on the development and exacerbation of childhood asthma. While there is conflicting evidence, there is growing support for a role of linoleic acid in the onset and pathophysiology of asthma. We recommend that additional cellular, animal, and longitudinal studies are performed that target linoleic acid and its metabolites.

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