Single-cell Landscape of Immune Cells in Human Livers Affected by HBV-related Cirrhosis

Overview

Journal JHEP Rep

Specialty Gastroenterology

Date 2023 Oct 20

PMID 37860052

Authors

Qingquan Bai

Xiaoting Hong

Han Lin

Xiao He

Runyang Li

Mohsin Hassan

Hilmar Berger

Frank Tacke

Cornelius Engelmann

Tianhui Hu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background & Aims: HBV infection is one of the leading causes of liver cirrhosis. However, the immune microenvironment in patients with HBV cirrhosis remains elusive.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to analyse the transcriptomes of 76,210 immune cells in the livers of six healthy individuals and in five patients with HBV cirrhosis.

Results: Patients with HBV cirrhosis have a unique immune ecosystem characterised by an accumulation of macrophage-CD9/IL18, macrophage-C1QA, NK Cell-JUNB, CD4 T cell-IL7R, and a loss of B cell-IGLC1 clusters. Furthermore, our analysis predicted enhanced cell communication between myeloid cells and all immune cells in patients with HBV-related cirrhosis. Pseudo-time analysis of myeloid cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and B cells demonstrated a significant accumulation of mature cells and a depletion of naive cells in HBV cirrhosis. In addition, we observed an increase in antigen processing and presentation capacities in myeloid cells in patients with HBV cirrhosis, whereas NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity was substantially reduced.

Conclusions: Our results provide valuable insight into the immune landscape of HBV cirrhosis, suggesting that HBV cirrhosis is associated with the accumulation of activated myeloid cells and impaired cytotoxicity in NK cells.

Impact And Implications: The absence of single-cell transcriptome profiling of immune cells in HBV cirrhosis hinders our understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving disease progression. To address this knowledge gap, our study unveils a distinctive immune ecosystem in HBV cirrhosis and represents a crucial advancement in elucidating the impact of the immune milieu on the development of this condition. These findings constitute significant strides towards the identification of more effective therapeutic approaches for HBV cirrhosis and are relevant for healthcare professionals, researchers, and pharmaceutical developers dedicated to combating this disease.

Citing Articles

Single-cell landscape of immune cells during the progression from HBV infection to HBV cirrhosis and HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

Bai Q, Li R, He X, Hong X, Yan Y, Zhao Z Front Immunol. 2023; 14:1320414.

PMID: 38116005 PMC: 10729758. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1320414.

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