Randomized Controlled Trial of Hydrolyzed Fish Diets in Dogs with Chronic Enteropathy

Overview

Journal J Vet Intern Med

Specialties General Medicine
Veterinary Medicine

Date 2023 Sep 8

PMID 37680008

Authors

Kenneth W Simpson

Meredith L Miller

John P Loftus

Mark Rishniw

Carol E Frederick

Joseph J Wakshlag

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: The role of diet in the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic enteropathies (CE) in dogs is unresolved.

Objectives: To compare the ability of diets composed of hydrolyzed fish, rice starch, and fish oil without (HF) or with prebiotics, turmeric, and high cobalamin (HF+) against a limited ingredient diet containing mixed nonhydrolyzed antigens and oils (control) to resolve clinical signs and maintain serum cobalamin and folate concentrations in dogs with nonprotein losing CE (non-PLE). To determine the ability of hydrolyzed fish diets to support recovery and remission in dogs with PLE.

Animals: Thirty-one client-owned dogs with CE: 23 non-PLE, 8 PLE.

Methods: Randomized, blinded, controlled trial. Diets were fed for 2 weeks; responders continued for 12 weeks. Nonresponders were crossed over to another diet for 12 weeks. Response was determined by standardized clinical evaluation with long-term follow-up at 26 weeks. Concurrent medications were allowed in PLE.

Results: Nineteen of 23 (83%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 60%-94%) non-PLE CE responded clinically to their initial diet, with no difference between diets (P > .05). Four nonresponders responded to another diet, with sustained remission of 18/18 (100%; 95%CI, 78%-100%) at 26 weeks. Serum cobalamin concentration was increased (P < .05) and maintained by diet. Serum folate concentration decreased posttreatment (P < .05) but was restored by dietary supplementation. Hydrolyzed fish diets supported weight gain, serum albumin concentration, and recovery (P < .05) in dogs with PLE.

Conclusions And Clinical Importance: Changing diet, independent of antigen restriction or supplemental ingredients, induced long-term remission in dogs with non-PLE CE. Serum cobalamin and folate concentrations were maintained by diet. Hydrolyzed fish diets supported clinical recovery and remission in PLE.

Citing Articles

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PMID: 39588199 PMC: 11586376. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1449141.

Characterization of faecal microbiota and serum inflammatory markers in dogs diagnosed with chronic enteropathy or small-cell lymphoma: a pilot study.

Kaga C, Kakiyama S, Hokkyo A, Ogata Y, Shibata J, Nagahara T Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):19387.

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Protein hydrolysate and oil from fish waste reveal potential as dog food ingredients.

Cabrita A, Maia M, Alves A, Aires T, Rosa A, Almeida A Front Vet Sci. 2024; 11:1372023.

PMID: 38711535 PMC: 11071340. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1372023.

Randomized controlled trial of hydrolyzed fish diets in dogs with chronic enteropathy.

Simpson K, Miller M, Loftus J, Rishniw M, Frederick C, Wakshlag J J Vet Intern Med. 2023; 37(6):2334-2343.

PMID: 37680008 PMC: 10658534. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16844.

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