Role and Molecular Mechanism of Ghrelin in Degenerative Musculoskeletal Disorders

Overview

Journal J Cell Mol Med

Specialties Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Date 2023 Sep 4

PMID 37661635

Authors

Jianfeng Sun

Yibo Tan

Jingyue Su

Herasimenka Mikhail

Volotovski Pavel

Zhenhan Deng

Yusheng Li

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Ghrelin is a brain-gut peptide, and the first 28-peptide that was found in the gastric mucosa. It has a growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone-like effect and can potently promote the release of GH from pituitary GH cells; however, it is unable to stimulate GH synthesis. Therefore, ghrelin is believed to play a role in promoting bone growth and development. The correlation between ghrelin and some degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system has been reported recently, and ghrelin may be one of the factors influencing degenerative pathologies, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, sarcopenia and intervertebral disc degeneration. With population ageing, the risk of health problems caused by degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system gradually increases. In this article, the roles of ghrelin in musculoskeletal disorders are summarized to reveal the potential effects of ghrelin as a key target in the treatment of related bone and muscle diseases and the need for further research.

Citing Articles

Impact of Resistance and Endurance Training on Ghrelin and Plasma Leptin Levels in Overweight and Obese Subjects.

Mitoiu B, Nartea R, Miclaus R Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(15).

PMID: 39125635 PMC: 11311634. DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158067.

The brain-bone axis: unraveling the complex interplay between the central nervous system and skeletal metabolism.

Shi H, Chen M Eur J Med Res. 2024; 29(1):317.

PMID: 38849920 PMC: 11161955. DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01918-0.

Experimental validation and comprehensive analysis of m6A methylation regulators in intervertebral disc degeneration subpopulation classification.

Xu X, Shen L, Qu Y, Li D, Zhao X, Wei H Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):8417.

PMID: 38600232 PMC: 11006851. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58888-w.

The Uses of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Among Athletes; Its Positive and Negative Aspects- A Literature Review.

Wenbo Z, Yan Z J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024; 16:4293-4305.

PMID: 38170017 PMC: 10759908. DOI: 10.2147/JMDH.S439384.

Role and molecular mechanism of ghrelin in degenerative musculoskeletal disorders.

Sun J, Tan Y, Su J, Mikhail H, Pavel V, Deng Z J Cell Mol Med. 2023; 27(23):3681-3691.

PMID: 37661635 PMC: 10718156. DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17944.

References

Dornonville de la Cour C, Norlen P, Hakanson R . Secretion of ghrelin from rat stomach ghrelin cells in response to local microinfusion of candidate messenger compounds: a microdialysis study. Regul Pept. 2007; 143(1-3):118-26. DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2007.05.001. View

Jin H, Shen J, Wang B, Wang M, Shu B, Chen D . TGF-β signaling plays an essential role in the growth and maintenance of intervertebral disc tissue. FEBS Lett. 2011; 585(8):1209-15. PMC: 3090135. DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.03.034. View

. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015; 386(9995):743-800. PMC: 4561509. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60692-4. View

Lin Y, Matsumura K, Fukuhara M, Kagiyama S, Fujii K, Iida M . Ghrelin acts at the nucleus of the solitary tract to decrease arterial pressure in rats. Hypertension. 2004; 43(5):977-82. DOI: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000122803.91559.55. View

Kim S, Her S, Park S, Kim D, Park K, Lee H . Ghrelin stimulates proliferation and differentiation and inhibits apoptosis in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Bone. 2005; 37(3):359-69. DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2005.04.020. View

Nass R, Farhy L, Liu J, Pezzoli S, Johnson M, Gaylinn B . Age-dependent decline in acyl-ghrelin concentrations and reduced association of acyl-ghrelin and growth hormone in healthy older adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013; 99(2):602-8. PMC: 3913814. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-3158. View

Lee J, Song J, Baek M, Jung H, Kang H, Han I . Interleukin-1β induces angiogenesis and innervation in human intervertebral disc degeneration. J Orthop Res. 2010; 29(2):265-9. DOI: 10.1002/jor.21210. View

Allen D, Cleary A, Hanson A, Lindsay S, Reed J . CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-delta expression is increased in fast skeletal muscle by food deprivation and regulates myostatin transcription in vitro. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010; 299(6):R1592-601. PMC: 3007187. DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00247.2010. View

Zou Y, Deng H, Mao Z, Zhao C, Huang J, Liu G . Decreased synovial fluid ghrelin levels are linked with disease severity in primary knee osteoarthritis patients and are increased following laser therapy. Clin Chim Acta. 2017; 470:64-69. DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.04.014. View

10.

van der Velde M, van der Eerden B, Sun Y, Almering J, van der Lely A, Delhanty P . An age-dependent interaction with leptin unmasks ghrelin's bone-protective effects. Endocrinology. 2012; 153(8):3593-602. PMC: 5393325. DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1277. View

11.

Asakawa A, Inui A, Kaga T, Yuzuriha H, Nagata T, Ueno N . Ghrelin is an appetite-stimulatory signal from stomach with structural resemblance to motilin. Gastroenterology. 2001; 120(2):337-45. DOI: 10.1053/gast.2001.22158. View

12.

Delhanty P, van der Velde M, van der Eerden B, Sun Y, Geminn J, van der Lely A . Genetic manipulation of the ghrelin signaling system in male mice reveals bone compartment specificity of acylated and unacylated ghrelin in the regulation of bone remodeling. Endocrinology. 2014; 155(11):4287-95. DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-2055. View

13.

Li X, Ellman M, Muddasani P, Wang J, Cs-Szabo G, van Wijnen A . Prostaglandin E2 and its cognate EP receptors control human adult articular cartilage homeostasis and are linked to the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2009; 60(2):513-23. PMC: 2659545. DOI: 10.1002/art.24258. View

14.

Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, Nakazato M, Matsuo H, Kangawa K . Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature. 1999; 402(6762):656-60. DOI: 10.1038/45230. View

15.

Sheriff S, Kadeer N, Joshi R, Friend L, James J, Balasubramaniam A . Des-acyl ghrelin exhibits pro-anabolic and anti-catabolic effects on C2C12 myotubes exposed to cytokines and reduces burn-induced muscle proteolysis in rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2012; 351(2):286-95. DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.12.021. View

16.

Schneider S, Al-Jaouni R, Caruba C, Giudicelli J, Arab K, Suavet F . Effects of age, malnutrition and refeeding on the expression and secretion of ghrelin. Clin Nutr. 2008; 27(5):724-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2008.07.006. View

17.

Cowley M, Smith R, Diano S, Tschop M, Pronchuk N, Grove K . The distribution and mechanism of action of ghrelin in the CNS demonstrates a novel hypothalamic circuit regulating energy homeostasis. Neuron. 2003; 37(4):649-61. DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00063-1. View

18.

Jotanovic Z, Mihelic R, Sestan B, Dembic Z . Role of interleukin-1 inhibitors in osteoarthritis: an evidence-based review. Drugs Aging. 2012; 29(5):343-58. DOI: 10.2165/11599350-000000000-00000. View

19.

de Vries S, Potier E, van Doeselaar M, Meij B, Tryfonidou M, Ito K . Conditioned medium derived from notochordal cell-rich nucleus pulposus tissue stimulates matrix production by canine nucleus pulposus cells and bone marrow-derived stromal cells. Tissue Eng Part A. 2014; 21(5-6):1077-84. PMC: 4356475. DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2014.0309. View

20.

Liang Q, Liu Y, Wu S, Cui R, Yuan L, Liao E . Ghrelin inhibits the apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 cells through ERK and AKT signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013; 272(3):591-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.07.018. View