The Interplay Between Dietary Fatty Acids and Gut Microbiota Influences Host Metabolism and Hepatic Steatosis

Overview

Journal Nat Commun

Specialty Biology

Date 2023 Sep 1

PMID 37658064

Authors

Marc Schoeler

Sandrine Ellero-Simatos

Till Birkner

Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs

Lisa Olsson

Harald Brolin

Ulrike Loeber

Jamie D Kraft

Arnaud Polizzi

Marian Marti-Navas

Josep Puig

Antonio Moschetta

Alexandra Montagner

Pierre Gourdy

Christophe Heymes

Herve Guillou

Valentina Tremaroli

Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real

Sofia K Forslund

Remy Burcelin

Robert Caesar

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Dietary lipids can affect metabolic health through gut microbiota-mediated mechanisms, but the influence of lipid-microbiota interaction on liver steatosis is largely unknown. We investigate the impact of dietary lipids on human gut microbiota composition and the effects of microbiota-lipid interactions on steatosis in male mice. In humans, low intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) is associated with increased microbial diversity independent of fiber intake. In mice, poorly absorbed dietary long-chain SFA, particularly stearic acid, induce a shift in bile acid profile and improved metabolism and steatosis. These benefits are dependent on the gut microbiota, as they are transmitted by microbial transfer. Diets enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids are protective against steatosis but have minor influence on the microbiota. In summary, we find that diets enriched in poorly absorbed long-chain SFA modulate gut microbiota profiles independent of fiber intake, and this interaction is relevant to improve metabolism and decrease liver steatosis.

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