The Impact of Fish Oil And/or Probiotics on Serum Fatty Acids and the Interaction with Low-grade Inflammation in Pregnant Women with Overweight and Obesity: Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Controlled Trial

Overview

Journal Br J Nutr

Specialty Nutritional Sciences

Date 2023 Aug 29

PMID 37642166

Authors

Noora Houttu

Tero Vahlberg

Elizabeth A Miles

Philip C Calder

Kirsi Laitinen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

-3 long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) and probiotics are generally considered to induce health benefits. The objective was to investigate (1) the impact of fish oil and/or probiotics on serum fatty acids (sFA), (2) the interaction of sFA with low-grade inflammation and (3) the relation of sFA to the onset of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Pregnant women with overweight/obesity were allocated into intervention groups with fish oil + placebo, probiotics + placebo, fish oil + probiotics or placebo + placebo in early pregnancy (fish oil: 1·9 g DHA and 0·22 g EPA, probiotics: HN001 and ssp 420, 10 CFU, each daily). Blood samples were collected in early ( 431) and late pregnancy ( 361) for analysis of fatty acids in serum phosphatidylcholine (PC), cholesteryl esters (CE), TAG and NEFA with GC and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and GlycA by immunoassay and NMR spectroscopy, respectively. GDM was diagnosed according to 2 h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. EPA in PC, CE and TAG and DHA in PC, CE, TAG and NEFA were higher in fish oil and fish oil + probiotics groups compared with placebo. EPA in serum NEFA was lower in women receiving probiotics compared with women not receiving. Low-grade inflammation was inversely associated with -3 LC-PUFA, which were related to an increased risk of GDM. Fish oil and fish oil + probiotics consumption increase serum -3 LC-PUFA in pregnant women with overweight/obesity. Although these fatty acids were inversely related to inflammatory markers, -3 LC-PUFA were linked with an increased risk for GDM.

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